[127] | 1 | package agents.anac.y2015.AresParty;
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| 2 |
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| 3 | import java.util.ArrayList;
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| 4 | import java.util.HashMap;
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| 5 | import java.util.List;
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| 6 | import java.util.Random;
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| 7 |
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| 8 | import genius.core.AgentID;
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| 9 | import genius.core.Bid;
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| 10 | import genius.core.BidIterator;
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| 11 | import genius.core.actions.Accept;
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| 12 | import genius.core.actions.Action;
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| 13 | import genius.core.actions.ActionWithBid;
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| 14 | import genius.core.actions.EndNegotiation;
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| 15 | import genius.core.actions.Offer;
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| 16 | import genius.core.issue.Issue;
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| 17 | import genius.core.issue.IssueDiscrete;
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| 18 | import genius.core.issue.IssueInteger;
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| 19 | import genius.core.issue.IssueReal;
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| 20 | import genius.core.issue.Value;
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| 21 | import genius.core.issue.ValueInteger;
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| 22 | import genius.core.issue.ValueReal;
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| 23 | import genius.core.parties.AbstractNegotiationParty;
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| 24 | import genius.core.parties.NegotiationInfo;
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| 25 | import genius.core.utility.AdditiveUtilitySpace;
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| 26 |
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| 27 | /**
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| 28 | *
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| 29 | * @author S.Chen & J.Hao
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| 30 | */
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| 31 | public class AresParty extends AbstractNegotiationParty {
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| 32 |
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| 33 | private double totalTime;
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| 34 | private Action ActionOfOpponent = null;
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| 35 | private Object party = null;
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| 36 | private Object myparty = null;
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| 37 | private double maximumOfBid;
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| 38 | private OwnBidHistory ownBidHistory;
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| 39 | private OpponentBidHistory opponentBidHistory;
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| 40 | private double minimumUtilityThreshold;
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| 41 | private double utilitythreshold;
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| 42 | private double MaximumUtility;
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| 43 | private double timeLeftBefore;
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| 44 | private double timeLeftAfter;
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| 45 | private double maximumTimeOfOpponent;
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| 46 | private double maximumTimeOfOwn;
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| 47 | private double discountingFactor;
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| 48 | private double concedeToDiscountingFactor;
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| 49 | private double concedeToDiscountingFactor_original;
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| 50 | private double minConcedeToDiscountingFactor;
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| 51 | private ArrayList<ArrayList<Bid>> bidsBetweenUtility;
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| 52 | private boolean concedeToOpponent;
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| 53 | private boolean toughAgent; // if we propose a bid that was proposed by the
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| 54 | // opponnet, then it should be accepted.
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| 55 | private double alpha1;// the larger alpha is, the more tough the agent is.
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| 56 | private Bid bid_maximum_utility;// the bid with the maximum utility over the
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| 57 | // utility space.
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| 58 | private double reservationValue;
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| 59 | private Random random;
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| 60 | private Bid maxBid = null;
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| 61 |
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| 62 | private int NoOfParty = -1;
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| 63 |
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| 64 | @Override
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| 65 | public void init(NegotiationInfo info) {
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| 66 | super.init(info);
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| 67 | myparty = getPartyId();
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| 68 |
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| 69 | try {
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| 70 | random = new Random();
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| 71 | maximumOfBid = this.utilitySpace.getDomain()
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| 72 | .getNumberOfPossibleBids();
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| 73 | ownBidHistory = new OwnBidHistory();
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| 74 | opponentBidHistory = new OpponentBidHistory();
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| 75 | bidsBetweenUtility = new ArrayList<ArrayList<Bid>>();
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| 76 | this.bid_maximum_utility = utilitySpace.getMaxUtilityBid();
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| 77 | this.utilitythreshold = utilitySpace
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| 78 | .getUtility(bid_maximum_utility); // initial
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| 79 | // utility
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| 80 | // threshold
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| 81 | this.MaximumUtility = this.utilitythreshold;
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| 82 | this.timeLeftAfter = 0;
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| 83 | this.timeLeftBefore = 0;
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| 84 | this.totalTime = timeline.getTotalTime();
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| 85 | this.maximumTimeOfOpponent = 0;
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| 86 | this.maximumTimeOfOwn = 0;
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| 87 | this.minConcedeToDiscountingFactor = 0.08;// 0.1;
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| 88 | this.discountingFactor = 1;
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| 89 | if (utilitySpace.getDiscountFactor() <= 1D
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| 90 | && utilitySpace.getDiscountFactor() > 0D) {
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| 91 | this.discountingFactor = utilitySpace.getDiscountFactor();
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| 92 | }
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| 93 | this.chooseUtilityThreshold();
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| 94 | this.calculateBidsBetweenUtility();
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| 95 | this.chooseConcedeToDiscountingDegree();
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| 96 | this.opponentBidHistory
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| 97 | .initializeDataStructures(utilitySpace.getDomain());
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| 98 | this.timeLeftAfter = timeline.getCurrentTime();
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| 99 | this.concedeToOpponent = false;
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| 100 | this.toughAgent = false;
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| 101 | this.alpha1 = 2;
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| 102 | this.reservationValue = 0;
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| 103 | if (utilitySpace.getReservationValue() > 0) {
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| 104 | this.reservationValue = utilitySpace.getReservationValue();
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| 105 | }
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| 106 |
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| 107 | maxBid = utilitySpace.getMaxUtilityBid();
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| 108 | } catch (Exception e) {
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| 109 | System.out.println("initialization error" + e.getMessage());
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| 110 | }
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| 111 | }
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| 112 |
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| 113 | @Override
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| 114 | public void receiveMessage(AgentID sender, Action opponentAction) {
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| 115 | super.receiveMessage(sender, opponentAction);
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| 116 |
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| 117 | this.ActionOfOpponent = opponentAction;
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| 118 | this.party = sender;
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| 119 |
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| 120 | if (NoOfParty == -1) {
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| 121 | NoOfParty = getNumberOfParties();
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| 122 | } else {
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| 123 |
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| 124 | if (ActionOfOpponent instanceof Offer) {
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| 125 | // Bid partnerBid = ((Offer) ActionOfOpponent).getBid();
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| 126 | // double offeredUtilFromOpponent = getUtility(partnerBid);
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| 127 |
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| 128 | this.opponentBidHistory.updateOpponentModel(
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| 129 | ((Offer) ActionOfOpponent).getBid(),
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| 130 | utilitySpace.getDomain(),
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| 131 | (AdditiveUtilitySpace) this.utilitySpace);
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| 132 |
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| 133 | } else if (ActionOfOpponent instanceof Accept) {
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| 134 | // receive an accept from an opponent over an offer, which may
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| 135 | // not be ours.
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| 136 |
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| 137 | /*
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| 138 | * this.opponentBidHistory.updateOpponentModel(
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| 139 | * ownBidHistory.getLastBid(), utilitySpace.getDomain(),
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| 140 | * this.utilitySpace);
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| 141 | */
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| 142 |
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| 143 | } else {
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| 144 | //
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| 145 | System.out.println("unexpected action");
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| 146 | }
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| 147 |
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| 148 | }
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| 149 |
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| 150 | }
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| 151 |
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| 152 | @Override
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| 153 | public Action chooseAction(List<Class<? extends Action>> validActions) {
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| 154 | Action action = null;
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| 155 | try {
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| 156 | // System.out.println("i propose " + debug + " bid at time " +
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| 157 | // timeline.getTime());
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| 158 | this.timeLeftBefore = timeline.getCurrentTime();
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| 159 | Bid bid = null;
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| 160 | // we propose first and propose the bid with maximum utility
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| 161 | if (!validActions.contains(Accept.class)) {
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| 162 | bid = this.bid_maximum_utility;
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| 163 | action = new Offer(getPartyId(), bid);
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| 164 | } else if (ActionOfOpponent instanceof Offer) {// the opponent
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| 165 | // propose first and
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| 166 | // we response
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| 167 | // secondly
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| 168 | // update opponent model first
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| 169 | this.opponentBidHistory.updateOpponentModel(
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| 170 | ((Offer) ActionOfOpponent).getBid(),
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| 171 | utilitySpace.getDomain(),
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| 172 | (AdditiveUtilitySpace) this.utilitySpace);
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| 173 | this.updateConcedeDegree();
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| 174 | // update the estimation
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| 175 | if (ownBidHistory.numOfBidsProposed() == 0) {
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| 176 | // bid = utilitySpace.getMaxUtilityBid();
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| 177 | bid = this.bid_maximum_utility;
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| 178 |
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| 179 | action = new Offer(getPartyId(), bid);
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| 180 | } else {// other conditions
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| 181 | if (estimateRoundLeft(true) > 10) {// still have some rounds
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| 182 | // left to further
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| 183 | // negotiate (the major
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| 184 | // negotiation period)
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| 185 | bid = BidToOffer();
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| 186 | Boolean IsAccept = AcceptOpponentOffer(
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| 187 | ((Offer) ActionOfOpponent).getBid(), bid);
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| 188 | Boolean IsTerminate = TerminateCurrentNegotiation(bid);
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| 189 | if (IsAccept && !IsTerminate) {
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| 190 | action = new Accept(getPartyId(), getOppBid());
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| 191 | } else if (IsTerminate && !IsAccept) {
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| 192 | // action = new EndNegotiation();
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| 193 | action = new Offer(getPartyId(), maxBid);
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| 194 | } else if (IsAccept && IsTerminate) {
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| 195 | if (this.utilitySpace
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| 196 | .getUtility(((Offer) ActionOfOpponent)
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| 197 | .getBid()) > this.reservationValue) {
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| 198 | action = new Accept(getPartyId(), getOppBid());
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| 199 | } else {
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| 200 | // action = new EndNegotiation();
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| 201 | action = new Offer(getPartyId(), maxBid);
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| 202 | }
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| 203 | } else {
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| 204 | // we expect that the negotiation is over once we
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| 205 | // select a bid from the opponent's history.
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| 206 | if (this.concedeToOpponent == true) {
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| 207 | // bid =
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| 208 | // opponentBidHistory.chooseBestFromHistory(this.utilitySpace);
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| 209 | bid = opponentBidHistory.getBestBidInHistory();
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| 210 |
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| 211 | action = new Offer(getPartyId(), bid);
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| 212 | this.toughAgent = true;
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| 213 | this.concedeToOpponent = false;
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| 214 | } else {
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| 215 | action = new Offer(getPartyId(), bid);
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| 216 | this.toughAgent = false;
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| 217 | }
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| 218 | }
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| 219 | } else {// this is the last chance and we concede by
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| 220 | // providing the opponent the best offer he ever
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| 221 | // proposed to us
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| 222 | // in this case, it corresponds to an opponent whose
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| 223 | // decision time is short
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| 224 | if (timeline.getTime() > 0.9985
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| 225 | && estimateRoundLeft(true) < 5) {
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| 226 | // bid =
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| 227 | // opponentBidHistory.chooseBestFromHistory(this.utilitySpace);
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| 228 | bid = opponentBidHistory.getBestBidInHistory();
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| 229 |
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| 230 | // this is specially designed to avoid that we got
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| 231 | // very low utility by searching between an
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| 232 | // acceptable range (when the domain is small)
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| 233 | if (this.utilitySpace.getUtility(bid) < 0.85) {
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| 234 | List<Bid> candidateBids = this
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| 235 | .getBidsBetweenUtility(
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| 236 | this.MaximumUtility - 0.15,
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| 237 | this.MaximumUtility - 0.02);
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| 238 | // if the candidate bids do not exsit and also
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| 239 | // the deadline is approaching in next round, we
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| 240 | // concede.
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| 241 | // if (candidateBids.size() == 1 &&
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| 242 | // timeline.getTime()>0.9998) {
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| 243 | // we have no chance to make a new proposal
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| 244 | // before the deadline
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| 245 | if (this.estimateRoundLeft(true) < 2) {
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| 246 | bid = opponentBidHistory
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| 247 | .getBestBidInHistory();
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| 248 | } else {
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| 249 | bid = opponentBidHistory.ChooseBid(
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| 250 | candidateBids,
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| 251 | this.utilitySpace.getDomain());
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| 252 | }
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| 253 | if (bid == null) {
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| 254 | bid = opponentBidHistory
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| 255 | .getBestBidInHistory();
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| 256 | }
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| 257 | }
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| 258 | Boolean IsAccept = AcceptOpponentOffer(
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| 259 | ((Offer) ActionOfOpponent).getBid(), bid);
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| 260 | Boolean IsTerminate = TerminateCurrentNegotiation(
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| 261 | bid);
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| 262 | if (IsAccept && !IsTerminate) {
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| 263 | action = new Accept(getPartyId(), getOppBid());
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| 264 | } else if (IsTerminate && !IsAccept) {
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| 265 | // action = new EndNegotiation();
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| 266 | action = new Offer(getPartyId(), maxBid);
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| 267 | } else if (IsTerminate && IsAccept) {
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| 268 | if (this.utilitySpace
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| 269 | .getUtility(((Offer) ActionOfOpponent)
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| 270 | .getBid()) > this.reservationValue) {
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| 271 | action = new Accept(getPartyId(),
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| 272 | getOppBid());
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| 273 | } else {
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| 274 | // action = new EndNegotiation();
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| 275 | action = new Offer(getPartyId(), maxBid);
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| 276 | }
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| 277 | } else {
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| 278 | if (this.toughAgent == true) {
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| 279 | action = new Accept(getPartyId(),
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| 280 | getOppBid());
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| 281 | } else {
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| 282 | action = new Offer(getPartyId(), bid);
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| 283 | }
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| 284 | }
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| 285 | // in this case, it corresponds to the situation
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| 286 | // that we encounter an opponent who needs more
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| 287 | // computation to make decision each round
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| 288 | } else {// we still have some time to negotiate,
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| 289 | // and be tough by sticking with the lowest one in
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| 290 | // previous offer history.
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| 291 | // we also have to make the decisin fast to avoid
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| 292 | // reaching the deadline before the decision is made
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| 293 | // bid = ownBidHistory.GetMinBidInHistory();//reduce
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| 294 | // the computational cost
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| 295 | bid = BidToOffer();
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| 296 |
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| 297 | // System.out.println("test----------------------------------------------------------"
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| 298 | // + timeline.getTime());
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| 299 | Boolean IsAccept = AcceptOpponentOffer(
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| 300 | ((Offer) ActionOfOpponent).getBid(), bid);
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| 301 | Boolean IsTerminate = TerminateCurrentNegotiation(
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| 302 | bid);
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| 303 | if (IsAccept && !IsTerminate) {
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| 304 | action = new Accept(getPartyId(), getOppBid());
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| 305 | } else if (IsTerminate && !IsAccept) {
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| 306 | // action = new EndNegotiation();
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| 307 | action = new Offer(getPartyId(), maxBid);
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| 308 | } else if (IsAccept && IsTerminate) {
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| 309 | if (this.utilitySpace
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| 310 | .getUtility(((Offer) ActionOfOpponent)
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| 311 | .getBid()) > this.reservationValue) {
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| 312 | action = new Accept(getPartyId(),
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| 313 | getOppBid());
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| 314 | } else {
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| 315 | // action = new EndNegotiation();
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| 316 | action = new Offer(getPartyId(), maxBid);
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| 317 | }
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| 318 | } else {
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| 319 | action = new Offer(getPartyId(), bid);
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| 320 | // System.out.println("we have to be tough now"
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| 321 | // + bid.toString() + " with utility of " +
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| 322 | // utilitySpace.getUtility(bid));
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| 323 | }
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| 324 | }
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| 325 | }
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| 326 | }
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| 327 | } else if (ActionOfOpponent instanceof Accept) {
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| 328 |
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| 329 | try {
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| 330 | if (this.utilitythreshold <= ((1 - this.discountingFactor)
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| 331 | * 0.1 + 1.05)
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| 332 | * this.utilitySpace.getUtility(
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| 333 | opponentBidHistory.getLastOppBid())) {
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| 334 | System.out.println(
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| 335 | "accept an offer after seeing an acceptance action with a not bad result"
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| 336 | + ActionOfOpponent.getAgent());
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| 337 | action = new Accept(getPartyId(), getOppBid());
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| 338 | }
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| 339 | } catch (Exception e) {
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| 340 |
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| 341 | }
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| 342 |
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| 343 | bid = BidToOffer();
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| 344 |
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| 345 | Boolean IsAccept = AcceptOpponentOffer(
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| 346 | ((Offer) ActionOfOpponent).getBid(), bid);
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| 347 | Boolean IsTerminate = TerminateCurrentNegotiation(bid);
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| 348 | if (IsAccept && !IsTerminate) {
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| 349 | action = new Accept(getPartyId(), getOppBid());
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| 350 | } else if (IsTerminate && !IsAccept) {
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| 351 | // action = new EndNegotiation();
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| 352 | action = new Offer(getPartyId(), maxBid);
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| 353 | } else if (IsAccept && IsTerminate) {
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| 354 | if (this.utilitySpace.getUtility(((Offer) ActionOfOpponent)
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| 355 | .getBid()) > this.reservationValue) {
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| 356 | action = new Accept(getPartyId(), getOppBid());
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| 357 | } else {
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| 358 | // action = new EndNegotiation();
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| 359 | action = new Offer(getPartyId(), maxBid);
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| 360 | }
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| 361 | } else {
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| 362 | action = new Offer(getPartyId(), bid);
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| 363 | // System.out.println("we have to be tough now"
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| 364 | // + bid.toString() + " with utility of " +
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| 365 | // utilitySpace.getUtility(bid));
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| 366 | }
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| 367 | }
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| 368 | // System.out.println("i propose " + debug + " bid at time " +
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| 369 | // timeline.getTime());
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| 370 |
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| 371 | if (bid != null)
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| 372 | this.ownBidHistory.addBid(bid,
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| 373 | (AdditiveUtilitySpace) utilitySpace);
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| 374 |
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| 375 | this.timeLeftAfter = timeline.getCurrentTime();
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| 376 | this.estimateRoundLeft(false);// update the estimation
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| 377 | } catch (Exception e) {
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| 378 | System.out.println("Exception in ChooseAction:" + e.getMessage());
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| 379 | System.out.println(estimateRoundLeft(false));
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| 380 | // action = new Accept(getAgentID()); // accept if anything goes
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| 381 | // wrong.
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| 382 | // action = new EndNegotiation(); // terminate if anything
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| 383 | action = new Offer(getPartyId(), maxBid); // goes wrong.
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| 384 | }
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| 385 |
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| 386 | if (this.discountingFactor <= 0.5 && this.reservationValue >= 0.4
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| 387 | && timeline.getTime() > 0.1)
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| 388 | action = new EndNegotiation(getPartyId());
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| 389 |
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| 390 | if (timeline.getCurrentTime() > timeline.getTotalTime() * 1.1) {
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| 391 | System.out.println("exception in negotiation time for Ares!"
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| 392 | + timeline.getCurrentTime() + ","
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| 393 | + timeline.getTotalTime());
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| 394 | action = new EndNegotiation(getPartyId());
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| 395 | }
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| 396 |
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| 397 | if (action == null)
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| 398 | action = new Offer(getPartyId(), maxBid);
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| 399 |
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| 400 | return action;
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| 401 | }
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| 402 |
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| 403 | /**
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| 404 | * @return bid in the last opponent action.
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| 405 | * @throws ClassCastException
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| 406 | * if last opponent action did not contain a bid.
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| 407 | */
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| 408 | private Bid getOppBid() {
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| 409 | return ((ActionWithBid) ActionOfOpponent).getBid();
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| 410 | }
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| 411 |
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| 412 | /*
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| 413 | * principle: randomization over those candidate bids to let the opponent
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| 414 | * have a better model of my utility profile return the bid to be offered in
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| 415 | * the next round
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| 416 | */
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| 417 | private Bid BidToOffer() {
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| 418 | Bid bidReturned = null;
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| 419 | double decreasingAmount_1 = 0.05;
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| 420 | double decreasingAmount_2 = 0.25;
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| 421 | try {
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| 422 |
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| 423 | double maximumOfBid = this.MaximumUtility;// utilitySpace.getUtility(utilitySpace.getMaxUtilityBid());
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| 424 | double minimumOfBid;
|
---|
| 425 | // used when the domain is very large.
|
---|
| 426 | // make concession when the domin is large
|
---|
| 427 | if (this.discountingFactor == 1 && this.maximumOfBid > 3000) {
|
---|
| 428 | minimumOfBid = this.MaximumUtility - decreasingAmount_1;
|
---|
| 429 | // make further concession when the deadline is approaching and
|
---|
| 430 | // the domain is large
|
---|
| 431 | if (this.discountingFactor > 1 - decreasingAmount_2
|
---|
| 432 | && this.maximumOfBid > 10000
|
---|
| 433 | && timeline.getTime() >= 0.98) {
|
---|
| 434 | minimumOfBid = this.MaximumUtility - decreasingAmount_2;
|
---|
| 435 | }
|
---|
| 436 | if (this.utilitythreshold > minimumOfBid) {
|
---|
| 437 | this.utilitythreshold = minimumOfBid;
|
---|
| 438 | }
|
---|
| 439 | } /*
|
---|
| 440 | * else if (this.discountingFactor > 1 - decreasingAmount_3 &&
|
---|
| 441 | * this.maximumOfBid >= 100000 && this.maximumOfBid < 300000) {
|
---|
| 442 | * minimumOfBid = this.MaximumUtility - decreasingAmount_3; }
|
---|
| 443 | * else if (this.discountingFactor > 1 - decreasingAmount_4 &&
|
---|
| 444 | * this.maximumOfBid >= 300000) { minimumOfBid =
|
---|
| 445 | * this.MaximumUtility - decreasingAmount_4; }
|
---|
| 446 | */else {// the general case
|
---|
| 447 | if (timeline.getTime() <= this.concedeToDiscountingFactor) {
|
---|
| 448 | double minThreshold = (maximumOfBid
|
---|
| 449 | * this.discountingFactor)
|
---|
| 450 | / Math.pow(this.discountingFactor,
|
---|
| 451 | this.concedeToDiscountingFactor);
|
---|
| 452 | this.utilitythreshold = maximumOfBid
|
---|
| 453 | - (maximumOfBid - minThreshold) * Math.pow(
|
---|
| 454 | (timeline.getTime()
|
---|
| 455 | / this.concedeToDiscountingFactor),
|
---|
| 456 | alpha1);
|
---|
| 457 | } else {
|
---|
| 458 | this.utilitythreshold = (maximumOfBid
|
---|
| 459 | * this.discountingFactor)
|
---|
| 460 | / Math.pow(this.discountingFactor,
|
---|
| 461 | timeline.getTime());
|
---|
| 462 | }
|
---|
| 463 | minimumOfBid = this.utilitythreshold;
|
---|
| 464 | }
|
---|
| 465 |
|
---|
| 466 | /*
|
---|
| 467 | * if(minimumOfBid < 0.9 && this.guessOpponentType == false){
|
---|
| 468 | * if(this.opponentBidHistory.getSize() <= 2){ this.opponentType =
|
---|
| 469 | * 1;//tough opponent alpha1 = 2; } else{ this.opponentType = 0;
|
---|
| 470 | * alpha1 = 4; } this.guessOpponentType = true;//we only guess the
|
---|
| 471 | * opponent type once here System.out.println("we guess the opponent
|
---|
| 472 | * type is "+this.opponentType); }
|
---|
| 473 | */
|
---|
| 474 |
|
---|
| 475 | // choose from the opponent bid history first to reduce calculation
|
---|
| 476 | // time
|
---|
| 477 | Bid bestBidOfferedByOpponent = opponentBidHistory
|
---|
| 478 | .getBestBidInHistory();
|
---|
| 479 | if (utilitySpace.getUtility(
|
---|
| 480 | bestBidOfferedByOpponent) >= this.utilitythreshold
|
---|
| 481 | || utilitySpace.getUtility(
|
---|
| 482 | bestBidOfferedByOpponent) >= minimumOfBid) {
|
---|
| 483 | return bestBidOfferedByOpponent;
|
---|
| 484 | }
|
---|
| 485 | List<Bid> candidateBids = this.getBidsBetweenUtility(minimumOfBid,
|
---|
| 486 | maximumOfBid);
|
---|
| 487 |
|
---|
| 488 | bidReturned = opponentBidHistory.ChooseBid(candidateBids,
|
---|
| 489 | this.utilitySpace.getDomain());
|
---|
| 490 | if (bidReturned == null) {
|
---|
| 491 | bidReturned = this.utilitySpace.getMaxUtilityBid();
|
---|
| 492 | }
|
---|
| 493 | } catch (Exception e) {
|
---|
| 494 | System.out
|
---|
| 495 | .println(e.getMessage() + "exception in method BidToOffer");
|
---|
| 496 | }
|
---|
| 497 | // System.out.println("the current threshold is " +
|
---|
| 498 | // this.utilitythreshold + " with the value of alpha1 is " + alpha1);
|
---|
| 499 | return bidReturned;
|
---|
| 500 | }
|
---|
| 501 |
|
---|
| 502 | /*
|
---|
| 503 | * decide whether to accept the current offer or not
|
---|
| 504 | */
|
---|
| 505 | private boolean AcceptOpponentOffer(Bid opponentBid, Bid ownBid) {
|
---|
| 506 | double currentUtility = 0;
|
---|
| 507 | double nextRoundUtility = 0;
|
---|
| 508 | double maximumUtility = 0;
|
---|
| 509 | this.concedeToOpponent = false;
|
---|
| 510 | try {
|
---|
| 511 | currentUtility = this.utilitySpace.getUtility(opponentBid);
|
---|
| 512 | maximumUtility = this.MaximumUtility;// utilitySpace.getUtility(utilitySpace.getMaxUtilityBid());
|
---|
| 513 | } catch (Exception e) {
|
---|
| 514 | System.out.println(e.getMessage()
|
---|
| 515 | + "Exception in method AcceptOpponentOffer part 1");
|
---|
| 516 | }
|
---|
| 517 | try {
|
---|
| 518 | nextRoundUtility = this.utilitySpace.getUtility(ownBid);
|
---|
| 519 | } catch (Exception e) {
|
---|
| 520 | System.out.println(e.getMessage()
|
---|
| 521 | + "Exception in method AcceptOpponentOffer part 2");
|
---|
| 522 | }
|
---|
| 523 | // System.out.println(this.utilitythreshold +"at time "+
|
---|
| 524 | // timeline.getTime());
|
---|
| 525 | if (currentUtility >= this.utilitythreshold
|
---|
| 526 | || currentUtility >= nextRoundUtility) {
|
---|
| 527 | return true;
|
---|
| 528 | } else {
|
---|
| 529 | // if the current utility with discount is larger than the predicted
|
---|
| 530 | // maximum utility with discount
|
---|
| 531 | // then accept it.
|
---|
| 532 | double predictMaximumUtility = maximumUtility
|
---|
| 533 | * this.discountingFactor;
|
---|
| 534 | // double currentMaximumUtility =
|
---|
| 535 | // this.utilitySpace.getUtilityWithDiscount(opponentBidHistory.chooseBestFromHistory(utilitySpace),
|
---|
| 536 | // timeline);
|
---|
| 537 | double currentMaximumUtility = this.utilitySpace
|
---|
| 538 | .getUtilityWithDiscount(
|
---|
| 539 | opponentBidHistory.getBestBidInHistory(), timeline);
|
---|
| 540 | if (currentMaximumUtility > predictMaximumUtility
|
---|
| 541 | && timeline.getTime() > this.concedeToDiscountingFactor) {
|
---|
| 542 | try {
|
---|
| 543 | // if the current offer is approximately as good as the best
|
---|
| 544 | // one in the history, then accept it.
|
---|
| 545 | if (utilitySpace
|
---|
| 546 | .getUtility(opponentBid) >= utilitySpace.getUtility(
|
---|
| 547 | opponentBidHistory.getBestBidInHistory())
|
---|
| 548 | - 0.01) {
|
---|
| 549 | return true;
|
---|
| 550 | } else {
|
---|
| 551 | this.concedeToOpponent = true;
|
---|
| 552 | return false;
|
---|
| 553 | }
|
---|
| 554 | } catch (Exception e) {
|
---|
| 555 | System.out
|
---|
| 556 | .println("exception in Method AcceptOpponentOffer");
|
---|
| 557 | return true;
|
---|
| 558 | }
|
---|
| 559 | // retrieve the opponent's biding history and utilize it
|
---|
| 560 | } else if (currentMaximumUtility > this.utilitythreshold
|
---|
| 561 | * Math.pow(this.discountingFactor, timeline.getTime())) {
|
---|
| 562 | try {
|
---|
| 563 | // if the current offer is approximately as good as the best
|
---|
| 564 | // one in the history, then accept it.
|
---|
| 565 | if (utilitySpace
|
---|
| 566 | .getUtility(opponentBid) >= utilitySpace.getUtility(
|
---|
| 567 | opponentBidHistory.getBestBidInHistory())
|
---|
| 568 | - 0.01) {
|
---|
| 569 | return true;
|
---|
| 570 | } else {
|
---|
| 571 | System.out.println(
|
---|
| 572 | "test" + utilitySpace.getUtility(opponentBid)
|
---|
| 573 | + this.utilitythreshold);
|
---|
| 574 | this.concedeToOpponent = true;
|
---|
| 575 | return false;
|
---|
| 576 | }
|
---|
| 577 | } catch (Exception e) {
|
---|
| 578 | System.out
|
---|
| 579 | .println("exception in Method AcceptOpponentOffer");
|
---|
| 580 | return true;
|
---|
| 581 | }
|
---|
| 582 | } else {
|
---|
| 583 | return false;
|
---|
| 584 | }
|
---|
| 585 | }
|
---|
| 586 | }
|
---|
| 587 |
|
---|
| 588 | /*
|
---|
| 589 | * decide whether or not to terminate now
|
---|
| 590 | */
|
---|
| 591 | private boolean TerminateCurrentNegotiation(Bid ownBid) {
|
---|
| 592 | double currentUtility = 0;
|
---|
| 593 | double nextRoundUtility = 0;
|
---|
| 594 | double maximumUtility = 0;
|
---|
| 595 | this.concedeToOpponent = false;
|
---|
| 596 | try {
|
---|
| 597 | currentUtility = this.reservationValue;
|
---|
| 598 | nextRoundUtility = this.utilitySpace.getUtility(ownBid);
|
---|
| 599 | maximumUtility = this.MaximumUtility;
|
---|
| 600 | } catch (Exception e) {
|
---|
| 601 | System.out.println(e.getMessage()
|
---|
| 602 | + "Exception in method TerminateCurrentNegotiation part 1");
|
---|
| 603 | }
|
---|
| 604 |
|
---|
| 605 | if (currentUtility >= this.utilitythreshold
|
---|
| 606 | || currentUtility >= nextRoundUtility) {
|
---|
| 607 | return true;
|
---|
| 608 | } else {
|
---|
| 609 | // if the current reseravation utility with discount is larger than
|
---|
| 610 | // the predicted maximum utility with discount
|
---|
| 611 | // then terminate the negotiation.
|
---|
| 612 | double predictMaximumUtility = maximumUtility
|
---|
| 613 | * this.discountingFactor;
|
---|
| 614 | double currentMaximumUtility = this.utilitySpace
|
---|
| 615 | .getReservationValueWithDiscount(timeline);
|
---|
| 616 | // System.out.println("the current reserved value is "+
|
---|
| 617 | // this.reservationValue+" after discounting is
|
---|
| 618 | // "+currentMaximumUtility);
|
---|
| 619 | if (currentMaximumUtility > predictMaximumUtility
|
---|
| 620 | && timeline.getTime() > this.concedeToDiscountingFactor) {
|
---|
| 621 | return true;
|
---|
| 622 | } else {
|
---|
| 623 | return false;
|
---|
| 624 | }
|
---|
| 625 | }
|
---|
| 626 | }
|
---|
| 627 |
|
---|
| 628 | /*
|
---|
| 629 | * estimate the number of rounds left before reaching the deadline @param
|
---|
| 630 | * opponent @return
|
---|
| 631 | */
|
---|
| 632 |
|
---|
| 633 | private int estimateRoundLeft(boolean opponent) {
|
---|
| 634 | double round;
|
---|
| 635 | if (opponent == true) {
|
---|
| 636 | if (this.timeLeftBefore
|
---|
| 637 | - this.timeLeftAfter > this.maximumTimeOfOpponent) {
|
---|
| 638 | this.maximumTimeOfOpponent = this.timeLeftBefore
|
---|
| 639 | - this.timeLeftAfter;
|
---|
| 640 | }
|
---|
| 641 | } else {
|
---|
| 642 | if (this.timeLeftAfter
|
---|
| 643 | - this.timeLeftBefore > this.maximumTimeOfOwn) {
|
---|
| 644 | this.maximumTimeOfOwn = this.timeLeftAfter
|
---|
| 645 | - this.timeLeftBefore;
|
---|
| 646 | }
|
---|
| 647 | }
|
---|
| 648 | if (this.maximumTimeOfOpponent + this.maximumTimeOfOwn == 0) {
|
---|
| 649 | System.out.println("divided by zero exception");
|
---|
| 650 | }
|
---|
| 651 | round = (this.totalTime - timeline.getCurrentTime())
|
---|
| 652 | / (this.maximumTimeOfOpponent + this.maximumTimeOfOwn);
|
---|
| 653 | // System.out.println("current time is " + timeline.getElapsedSeconds()
|
---|
| 654 | // + "---" + round + "----" + this.maximumTimeOfOpponent);
|
---|
| 655 | return ((int) (round));
|
---|
| 656 | }
|
---|
| 657 |
|
---|
| 658 | /*
|
---|
| 659 | * pre-processing to save the computational time each round
|
---|
| 660 | */
|
---|
| 661 | private void calculateBidsBetweenUtility() {
|
---|
| 662 | BidIterator myBidIterator = new BidIterator(
|
---|
| 663 | this.utilitySpace.getDomain());
|
---|
| 664 |
|
---|
| 665 | try {
|
---|
| 666 | // double maximumUtility =
|
---|
| 667 | // utilitySpace.getUtility(utilitySpace.getMaxUtilityBid());
|
---|
| 668 | double maximumUtility = this.MaximumUtility;
|
---|
| 669 | double minUtility = this.minimumUtilityThreshold;
|
---|
| 670 | int maximumRounds = (int) ((maximumUtility - minUtility) / 0.01);
|
---|
| 671 | // initalization for each arraylist storing the bids between each
|
---|
| 672 | // range
|
---|
| 673 | for (int i = 0; i < maximumRounds; i++) {
|
---|
| 674 | ArrayList<Bid> BidList = new ArrayList<Bid>();
|
---|
| 675 | // BidList.add(this.bid_maximum_utility);
|
---|
| 676 | this.bidsBetweenUtility.add(BidList);
|
---|
| 677 | }
|
---|
| 678 | this.bidsBetweenUtility.get(maximumRounds - 1)
|
---|
| 679 | .add(this.bid_maximum_utility);
|
---|
| 680 | // note that here we may need to use some trick to reduce the
|
---|
| 681 | // computation cost (to be checked later);
|
---|
| 682 | // add those bids in each range into the corresponding arraylist
|
---|
| 683 | int limits = 0;
|
---|
| 684 | if (this.maximumOfBid < 20000) {
|
---|
| 685 | while (myBidIterator.hasNext()) {
|
---|
| 686 | Bid b = myBidIterator.next();
|
---|
| 687 | for (int i = 0; i < maximumRounds; i++) {
|
---|
| 688 | if (utilitySpace.getUtility(b) <= (i + 1) * 0.01
|
---|
| 689 | + minUtility
|
---|
| 690 | && utilitySpace.getUtility(b) >= i * 0.01
|
---|
| 691 | + minUtility) {
|
---|
| 692 | this.bidsBetweenUtility.get(i).add(b);
|
---|
| 693 | break;
|
---|
| 694 | }
|
---|
| 695 | }
|
---|
| 696 | // limits++;
|
---|
| 697 | }
|
---|
| 698 | } else {
|
---|
| 699 | while (limits <= 20000) {
|
---|
| 700 | Bid b = this.RandomSearchBid();
|
---|
| 701 | for (int i = 0; i < maximumRounds; i++) {
|
---|
| 702 | if (utilitySpace.getUtility(b) <= (i + 1) * 0.01
|
---|
| 703 | + minUtility
|
---|
| 704 | && utilitySpace.getUtility(b) >= i * 0.01
|
---|
| 705 | + minUtility) {
|
---|
| 706 | this.bidsBetweenUtility.get(i).add(b);
|
---|
| 707 | break;
|
---|
| 708 | }
|
---|
| 709 | }
|
---|
| 710 | limits++;
|
---|
| 711 | }
|
---|
| 712 | }
|
---|
| 713 | } catch (Exception e) {
|
---|
| 714 | System.out.println("Exception in calculateBidsBetweenUtility()");
|
---|
| 715 | e.printStackTrace();
|
---|
| 716 | }
|
---|
| 717 | }
|
---|
| 718 |
|
---|
| 719 | private Bid RandomSearchBid() throws Exception {
|
---|
| 720 | HashMap<Integer, Value> values = new HashMap<Integer, Value>();
|
---|
| 721 | List<Issue> issues = utilitySpace.getDomain().getIssues();
|
---|
| 722 | Bid bid = null;
|
---|
| 723 |
|
---|
| 724 | for (Issue lIssue : issues) {
|
---|
| 725 | switch (lIssue.getType()) {
|
---|
| 726 | case DISCRETE:
|
---|
| 727 | IssueDiscrete lIssueDiscrete = (IssueDiscrete) lIssue;
|
---|
| 728 | int optionIndex = random
|
---|
| 729 | .nextInt(lIssueDiscrete.getNumberOfValues());
|
---|
| 730 |
|
---|
| 731 | values.put(lIssue.getNumber(),
|
---|
| 732 | lIssueDiscrete.getValue(optionIndex));
|
---|
| 733 | break;
|
---|
| 734 | case REAL:
|
---|
| 735 | IssueReal lIssueReal = (IssueReal) lIssue;
|
---|
| 736 | int optionInd = random.nextInt(
|
---|
| 737 | lIssueReal.getNumberOfDiscretizationSteps() - 1);
|
---|
| 738 | values.put(lIssueReal.getNumber(),
|
---|
| 739 | new ValueReal(lIssueReal.getLowerBound() + (lIssueReal
|
---|
| 740 | .getUpperBound() - lIssueReal.getLowerBound())
|
---|
| 741 | * (optionInd) / (lIssueReal
|
---|
| 742 | .getNumberOfDiscretizationSteps())));
|
---|
| 743 | break;
|
---|
| 744 | case INTEGER:
|
---|
| 745 | IssueInteger lIssueInteger = (IssueInteger) lIssue;
|
---|
| 746 | int optionIndex2 = lIssueInteger.getLowerBound()
|
---|
| 747 | + random.nextInt(lIssueInteger.getUpperBound()
|
---|
| 748 | - lIssueInteger.getLowerBound());
|
---|
| 749 | values.put(lIssueInteger.getNumber(),
|
---|
| 750 | new ValueInteger(optionIndex2));
|
---|
| 751 | break;
|
---|
| 752 | default:
|
---|
| 753 | throw new Exception(
|
---|
| 754 | "issue type " + lIssue.getType() + " not supported");
|
---|
| 755 | }
|
---|
| 756 | }
|
---|
| 757 | bid = new Bid(utilitySpace.getDomain(), values);
|
---|
| 758 | return bid;
|
---|
| 759 | }
|
---|
| 760 |
|
---|
| 761 | /*
|
---|
| 762 | * Get all the bids within a given utility range.
|
---|
| 763 | */
|
---|
| 764 | private List<Bid> getBidsBetweenUtility(double lowerBound,
|
---|
| 765 | double upperBound) {
|
---|
| 766 | List<Bid> bidsInRange = new ArrayList<Bid>();
|
---|
| 767 | try {
|
---|
| 768 | int range = (int) ((upperBound - this.minimumUtilityThreshold)
|
---|
| 769 | / 0.01);
|
---|
| 770 | int initial = (int) ((lowerBound - this.minimumUtilityThreshold)
|
---|
| 771 | / 0.01);
|
---|
| 772 | // System.out.println(range+"---"+initial);
|
---|
| 773 | for (int i = initial; i < range; i++) {
|
---|
| 774 | bidsInRange.addAll(this.bidsBetweenUtility.get(i));
|
---|
| 775 | }
|
---|
| 776 | if (bidsInRange.isEmpty()) {
|
---|
| 777 | bidsInRange.add(this.bid_maximum_utility);
|
---|
| 778 | }
|
---|
| 779 | } catch (Exception e) {
|
---|
| 780 | System.out.println("Exception in getBidsBetweenUtility");
|
---|
| 781 | e.printStackTrace();
|
---|
| 782 | }
|
---|
| 783 | return bidsInRange;
|
---|
| 784 | }
|
---|
| 785 |
|
---|
| 786 | /*
|
---|
| 787 | * determine the lowest bound of our utility threshold based on the
|
---|
| 788 | * discounting factor we think that the minimum utility threshold should not
|
---|
| 789 | * be related with the discounting degree.
|
---|
| 790 | */
|
---|
| 791 | private void chooseUtilityThreshold() {
|
---|
| 792 | double discountingFactor = this.discountingFactor;
|
---|
| 793 | if (discountingFactor >= 0.9) {
|
---|
| 794 | this.minimumUtilityThreshold = 0;// this.MaximumUtility - 0.09;
|
---|
| 795 | } else {
|
---|
| 796 | // this.minimumUtilityThreshold = 0.85;
|
---|
| 797 | this.minimumUtilityThreshold = 0;// this.MaximumUtility - 0.09;
|
---|
| 798 | }
|
---|
| 799 | }
|
---|
| 800 |
|
---|
| 801 | /*
|
---|
| 802 | * determine concede-to-time degree based on the discounting factor.
|
---|
| 803 | */
|
---|
| 804 |
|
---|
| 805 | private void chooseConcedeToDiscountingDegree() {
|
---|
| 806 | double alpha = 0;
|
---|
| 807 | double beta = 1.5;// 1.3;//this value controls the rate at which the
|
---|
| 808 | // agent concedes to the discouting factor.
|
---|
| 809 | // the larger beta is, the more the agent makes concesions.
|
---|
| 810 | // if (utilitySpace.getDomain().getNumberOfPossibleBids() > 100) {
|
---|
| 811 | /*
|
---|
| 812 | * if (this.maximumOfBid > 100) { beta = 2;//1.3; } else { beta = 1.5; }
|
---|
| 813 | */
|
---|
| 814 | // the vaule of beta depends on the discounting factor (trade-off
|
---|
| 815 | // between concede-to-time degree and discouting factor)
|
---|
| 816 | if (this.discountingFactor > 0.9) {
|
---|
| 817 | beta = 1.9;
|
---|
| 818 | } else if (this.discountingFactor > 0.75) {
|
---|
| 819 | beta = 1.85;
|
---|
| 820 | } else if (this.discountingFactor > 0.5) {
|
---|
| 821 | beta = 1.45;
|
---|
| 822 | } else {
|
---|
| 823 | beta = 1.15;
|
---|
| 824 | }
|
---|
| 825 | alpha = Math.pow(this.discountingFactor, beta);
|
---|
| 826 | this.concedeToDiscountingFactor = this.minConcedeToDiscountingFactor
|
---|
| 827 | + (1 - this.minConcedeToDiscountingFactor) * alpha;
|
---|
| 828 | this.concedeToDiscountingFactor_original = this.concedeToDiscountingFactor;
|
---|
| 829 | System.out.println("concedeToDiscountingFactor is "
|
---|
| 830 | + this.concedeToDiscountingFactor + "current time is "
|
---|
| 831 | + timeline.getTime());
|
---|
| 832 | }
|
---|
| 833 |
|
---|
| 834 | /*
|
---|
| 835 | * update the concede-to-time degree based on the predicted toughness degree
|
---|
| 836 | * of the opponent
|
---|
| 837 | */
|
---|
| 838 |
|
---|
| 839 | private void updateConcedeDegree() {
|
---|
| 840 | double gama = 10;
|
---|
| 841 | double weight = 0.1;
|
---|
| 842 | double opponnetToughnessDegree = this.opponentBidHistory
|
---|
| 843 | .getConcessionDegree();
|
---|
| 844 | // this.concedeToDiscountingFactor =
|
---|
| 845 | // this.concedeToDiscountingFactor_original * (1 +
|
---|
| 846 | // opponnetToughnessDegree);
|
---|
| 847 | this.concedeToDiscountingFactor = this.concedeToDiscountingFactor_original
|
---|
| 848 | + weight * (1 - this.concedeToDiscountingFactor_original)
|
---|
| 849 | * Math.pow(opponnetToughnessDegree, gama);
|
---|
| 850 | if (this.concedeToDiscountingFactor >= 1) {
|
---|
| 851 | this.concedeToDiscountingFactor = 1;
|
---|
| 852 | }
|
---|
| 853 | // System.out.println("concedeToDiscountingFactor is " +
|
---|
| 854 | // this.concedeToDiscountingFactor + "current time is " +
|
---|
| 855 | // timeline.getTime() + "original concedetodiscoutingfactor is " +
|
---|
| 856 | // this.concedeToDiscountingFactor_original);
|
---|
| 857 | }
|
---|
| 858 |
|
---|
| 859 | @Override
|
---|
| 860 | public String getDescription() {
|
---|
| 861 | return "ANAC2015";
|
---|
| 862 | }
|
---|
| 863 |
|
---|
| 864 | }
|
---|