source: src/main/java/agents/anac/y2012/CUHKAgent/OpponentBidHistory.java@ 84

Last change on this file since 84 was 1, checked in by Wouter Pasman, 6 years ago

Initial import : Genius 9.0.0
File size: 14.2 KB
Line 
1package agents.anac.y2012.CUHKAgent;
2
3import java.util.ArrayList;
4import java.util.HashMap;
5import java.util.List;
6import java.util.Random;
7
8import genius.core.Bid;
9import genius.core.Domain;
10import genius.core.issue.Issue;
11import genius.core.issue.IssueDiscrete;
12import genius.core.issue.IssueInteger;
13import genius.core.issue.IssueReal;
14import genius.core.issue.Value;
15import genius.core.issue.ValueInteger;
16import genius.core.issue.ValueReal;
17import genius.core.utility.AdditiveUtilitySpace;
18
19/**
20 * Operations related with the opponent's bid history. The opponent's first 100
21 * unique bids are remembered.
22 *
23 * @author Justin
24 */
25public class OpponentBidHistory {
26
27 private ArrayList<Bid> bidHistory;
28 private ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> opponentBidsStatisticsForReal;
29 private ArrayList<HashMap<Value, Integer>> opponentBidsStatisticsDiscrete;
30 private ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> opponentBidsStatisticsForInteger;
31 private int maximumBidsStored = 100;
32 private HashMap<Bid, Integer> bidCounter = new HashMap<Bid, Integer>();
33 private Bid bid_maximum_from_opponent;// the bid with maximum utility
34 // proposed by the opponent so far.
35
36 public OpponentBidHistory() {
37 this.bidHistory = new ArrayList<Bid>();
38 opponentBidsStatisticsForReal = new ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>>();
39 opponentBidsStatisticsDiscrete = new ArrayList<HashMap<Value, Integer>>();
40 opponentBidsStatisticsForInteger = new ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>>();
41 }
42
43 public void addBid(Bid bid, AdditiveUtilitySpace utilitySpace) {
44 if (bidHistory.indexOf(bid) == -1) {
45 bidHistory.add(bid);
46 }
47 try {
48 if (bidHistory.size() == 1) {
49 this.bid_maximum_from_opponent = bidHistory.get(0);
50 } else {
51 if (utilitySpace.getUtility(bid) > utilitySpace
52 .getUtility(this.bid_maximum_from_opponent)) {
53 this.bid_maximum_from_opponent = bid;
54 }
55 }
56 } catch (Exception e) {
57 System.out.println("error in addBid method" + e.getMessage());
58 }
59 }
60
61 public Bid getBestBidInHistory() {
62 return this.bid_maximum_from_opponent;
63 }
64
65 /**
66 * initialization
67 */
68 public void initializeDataStructures(Domain domain) {
69 try {
70 List<Issue> issues = domain.getIssues();
71 for (Issue lIssue : issues) {
72 switch (lIssue.getType()) {
73 case DISCRETE:
74 IssueDiscrete lIssueDiscrete = (IssueDiscrete) lIssue;
75 HashMap<Value, Integer> discreteIssueValuesMap = new HashMap<Value, Integer>();
76 for (int j = 0; j < lIssueDiscrete.getNumberOfValues(); j++) {
77 Value v = lIssueDiscrete.getValue(j);
78 discreteIssueValuesMap.put(v, 0);
79 }
80 opponentBidsStatisticsDiscrete.add(discreteIssueValuesMap);
81 break;
82
83 case REAL:
84 IssueReal lIssueReal = (IssueReal) lIssue;
85 ArrayList<Integer> numProposalsPerValue = new ArrayList<Integer>();
86 int lNumOfPossibleValuesInThisIssue = lIssueReal
87 .getNumberOfDiscretizationSteps();
88 for (int i = 0; i < lNumOfPossibleValuesInThisIssue; i++) {
89 numProposalsPerValue.add(0);
90 }
91 opponentBidsStatisticsForReal.add(numProposalsPerValue);
92 break;
93
94 case INTEGER:
95 IssueInteger lIssueInteger = (IssueInteger) lIssue;
96 ArrayList<Integer> numOfValueProposals = new ArrayList<Integer>();
97
98 // number of possible value when issue is integer (we should
99 // add 1 in order to include all values)
100 int lNumOfPossibleValuesForThisIssue = lIssueInteger
101 .getUpperBound()
102 - lIssueInteger.getLowerBound()
103 + 1;
104 for (int i = 0; i < lNumOfPossibleValuesForThisIssue; i++) {
105 numOfValueProposals.add(0);
106 }
107 opponentBidsStatisticsForInteger.add(numOfValueProposals);
108 break;
109 }
110 }
111 } catch (Exception e) {
112 System.out.println("EXCEPTION in initializeDataAtructures");
113 }
114 }
115
116 /**
117 * This function updates the opponent's Model by calling the
118 * updateStatistics method
119 */
120 public void updateOpponentModel(Bid bidToUpdate, Domain domain,
121 AdditiveUtilitySpace utilitySpace) {
122 this.addBid(bidToUpdate, utilitySpace);
123
124 if (bidCounter.get(bidToUpdate) == null) {
125 bidCounter.put(bidToUpdate, 1);
126 } else {
127 int counter = bidCounter.get(bidToUpdate);
128 counter++;
129 bidCounter.put(bidToUpdate, counter);
130 }
131
132 if (this.bidHistory.size() <= this.maximumBidsStored) {
133 this.updateStatistics(bidToUpdate, false, domain);
134 }
135 }
136
137 /**
138 * This function updates the statistics of the bids that were received from
139 * the opponent.
140 */
141 private void updateStatistics(Bid bidToUpdate, boolean toRemove,
142 Domain domain) {
143 try {
144 List<Issue> issues = domain.getIssues();
145
146 // counters for each type of the issues
147 int realIndex = 0;
148 int discreteIndex = 0;
149 int integerIndex = 0;
150 for (Issue lIssue : issues) {
151 int issueNum = lIssue.getNumber();
152 Value v = bidToUpdate.getValue(issueNum);
153 switch (lIssue.getType()) {
154 case DISCRETE:
155 if (opponentBidsStatisticsDiscrete == null) {
156 System.out
157 .println("opponentBidsStatisticsDiscrete is NULL");
158 } else if (opponentBidsStatisticsDiscrete
159 .get(discreteIndex) != null) {
160 int counterPerValue = opponentBidsStatisticsDiscrete
161 .get(discreteIndex).get(v);
162 if (toRemove) {
163 counterPerValue--;
164 } else {
165 counterPerValue++;
166 }
167 opponentBidsStatisticsDiscrete.get(discreteIndex).put(
168 v, counterPerValue);
169 }
170 discreteIndex++;
171 break;
172
173 case REAL:
174
175 IssueReal lIssueReal = (IssueReal) lIssue;
176 int lNumOfPossibleRealValues = lIssueReal
177 .getNumberOfDiscretizationSteps();
178 double lOneStep = (lIssueReal.getUpperBound() - lIssueReal
179 .getLowerBound()) / lNumOfPossibleRealValues;
180 double first = lIssueReal.getLowerBound();
181 double last = lIssueReal.getLowerBound() + lOneStep;
182 double valueReal = ((ValueReal) v).getValue();
183 boolean found = false;
184
185 for (int i = 0; !found
186 && i < opponentBidsStatisticsForReal.get(realIndex)
187 .size(); i++) {
188 if (valueReal >= first && valueReal <= last) {
189 int countPerValue = opponentBidsStatisticsForReal
190 .get(realIndex).get(i);
191 if (toRemove) {
192 countPerValue--;
193 } else {
194 countPerValue++;
195 }
196
197 opponentBidsStatisticsForReal.get(realIndex).set(i,
198 countPerValue);
199 found = true;
200 }
201 first = last;
202 last = last + lOneStep;
203 }
204 // If no matching value was found, receiveMessage the last
205 // cell
206 if (found == false) {
207 int i = opponentBidsStatisticsForReal.get(realIndex)
208 .size() - 1;
209 int countPerValue = opponentBidsStatisticsForReal.get(
210 realIndex).get(i);
211 if (toRemove) {
212 countPerValue--;
213 } else {
214 countPerValue++;
215 }
216
217 opponentBidsStatisticsForReal.get(realIndex).set(i,
218 countPerValue);
219 }
220 realIndex++;
221 break;
222
223 case INTEGER:
224
225 IssueInteger lIssueInteger = (IssueInteger) lIssue;
226 int valueInteger = ((ValueInteger) v).getValue();
227
228 int valueIndex = valueInteger
229 - lIssueInteger.getLowerBound(); // For ex.
230 // LowerBound
231 // index is 0,
232 // and the lower
233 // bound is 2,
234 // the value is
235 // 4, so the
236 // index of 4
237 // would be 2
238 // which is
239 // exactly 4-2
240 int countPerValue = opponentBidsStatisticsForInteger.get(
241 integerIndex).get(valueIndex);
242 if (toRemove) {
243 countPerValue--;
244 } else {
245 countPerValue++;
246 }
247 opponentBidsStatisticsForInteger.get(integerIndex).set(
248 valueIndex, countPerValue);
249 integerIndex++;
250 break;
251 }
252 }
253 } catch (Exception e) {
254 System.out.println("Exception in updateStatistics: "
255 + e.getMessage());
256 }
257 }
258
259 // choose a bid which is optimal for the opponent among a set of candidate
260 // bids.
261
262 public Bid ChooseBid(List<Bid> candidateBids, Domain domain) {
263
264 int upperSearchLimit = 200;// 100;
265
266 int maxIndex = -1;
267 Random ran = new Random();
268 List<Issue> issues = domain.getIssues();
269 int maxFrequency = 0;
270 int realIndex = 0;
271 int discreteIndex = 0;
272 int integerIndex = 0;
273
274 if (candidateBids.size() >= upperSearchLimit) {
275 List<Bid> bids = new ArrayList<Bid>();
276 for (int i = 0; i < upperSearchLimit; i++) {
277 int issueIndex = ran.nextInt(candidateBids.size());
278 bids.add(candidateBids.get(issueIndex));
279 }
280 candidateBids = bids;
281 }
282
283 // this whole block of code is to find the best bid
284 try {
285
286 for (int i = 0; i < candidateBids.size(); i++) {
287 int maxValue = 0;
288 realIndex = discreteIndex = integerIndex = 0;
289 for (int j = 0; j < issues.size(); j++) {
290 Value v = candidateBids.get(i).getValue(
291 issues.get(j).getNumber());
292 switch (issues.get(j).getType()) {
293 case DISCRETE:
294 if (opponentBidsStatisticsDiscrete.get(discreteIndex) != null) {
295 int counterPerValue = opponentBidsStatisticsDiscrete
296 .get(discreteIndex).get(v);
297 maxValue += counterPerValue;
298 }
299 discreteIndex++;
300 break;
301 case REAL:
302 IssueReal lIssueReal = (IssueReal) issues.get(j);
303 int lNumOfPossibleRealValues = lIssueReal
304 .getNumberOfDiscretizationSteps();
305 double lOneStep = (lIssueReal.getUpperBound() - lIssueReal
306 .getLowerBound()) / lNumOfPossibleRealValues;
307 double first = lIssueReal.getLowerBound();
308 double last = lIssueReal.getLowerBound() + lOneStep;
309 double valueReal = ((ValueReal) v).getValue();
310 boolean found = false;
311 for (int k = 0; !found
312 && k < opponentBidsStatisticsForReal.get(
313 realIndex).size(); k++) {
314 if (valueReal >= first && valueReal <= last) {
315 int counterPerValue = opponentBidsStatisticsForReal
316 .get(realIndex).get(k);
317 maxValue += counterPerValue;
318 found = true;
319 }
320 first = last;
321 last = last + lOneStep;
322 }
323 if (found == false) {
324 int k = opponentBidsStatisticsForReal
325 .get(realIndex).size() - 1;
326 int counterPerValue = opponentBidsStatisticsForReal
327 .get(realIndex).get(k);
328 maxValue += counterPerValue;
329 }
330 realIndex++;
331 break;
332
333 case INTEGER:
334 IssueInteger lIssueInteger = (IssueInteger) issues
335 .get(j);
336 int valueInteger = ((ValueInteger) v).getValue();
337 int valueIndex = valueInteger
338 - lIssueInteger.getLowerBound(); // For ex.
339 // LowerBound
340 // index is
341 // 0, and
342 // the lower
343 // bound is
344 // 2, the
345 // value is
346 // 4, so the
347 // index of
348 // 4 would
349 // be 2
350 // which is
351 // exactly
352 // 4-2
353 int counterPerValue = opponentBidsStatisticsForInteger
354 .get(integerIndex).get(valueIndex);
355 maxValue += counterPerValue;
356 integerIndex++;
357 break;
358 }
359 }
360 if (maxValue > maxFrequency) {// choose the bid with the maximum
361 // maxValue
362 maxFrequency = maxValue;
363 maxIndex = i;
364 } else if (maxValue == maxFrequency) {// random exploration
365 if (ran.nextDouble() < 0.5) {
366 maxFrequency = maxValue;
367 maxIndex = i;
368 }
369 }
370 }
371
372 } catch (Exception e) {
373 System.out.println("Exception in choosing a bid");
374 System.out.println(e.getMessage() + "---" + discreteIndex);
375 }
376 if (maxIndex == -1) {
377 return candidateBids.get(ran.nextInt(candidateBids.size()));
378 } else {
379 // here we adopt the random exploration mechanism
380 if (ran.nextDouble() < 0.95) {
381 return candidateBids.get(maxIndex);
382 } else {
383 return candidateBids.get(ran.nextInt(candidateBids.size()));
384 }
385 }
386 }
387
388 /*
389 * return the best bid from the opponent's bidding history
390 */
391
392 public Bid chooseBestFromHistory(AdditiveUtilitySpace utilitySpace) {
393 double max = -1;
394 Bid maxBid = null;
395 try {
396 for (Bid bid : bidHistory) {
397 if (max < utilitySpace.getUtility(bid)) {
398 max = utilitySpace.getUtility(bid);
399 maxBid = bid;
400 }
401 }
402 } catch (Exception e) {
403 System.out.println("ChooseBestfromhistory exception");
404 }
405 return maxBid;
406 }
407
408 // one way to predict the concession degree of the opponent
409 public double concedeDegree(AdditiveUtilitySpace utilitySpace) {
410 int numOfBids = bidHistory.size();
411 HashMap<Bid, Integer> bidCounter = new HashMap<Bid, Integer>();
412 try {
413 for (int i = 0; i < numOfBids; i++) {
414
415 if (bidCounter.get(bidHistory.get(i)) == null) {
416 bidCounter.put(bidHistory.get(i), 1);
417 } else {
418 int counter = bidCounter.get(bidHistory.get(i));
419 counter++;
420 bidCounter.put(bidHistory.get(i), counter);
421 }
422 }
423 } catch (Exception e) {
424 System.out.println("ChooseBestfromhistory exception");
425 }
426 // System.out.println("the opponent's toughness degree is " +
427 // bidCounter.size() + " divided by " +
428 // utilitySpace.getDomain().getNumberOfPossibleBids());
429 return ((double) bidCounter.size() / utilitySpace.getDomain()
430 .getNumberOfPossibleBids());
431 }
432
433 public int getSize() {
434 int numOfBids = bidHistory.size();
435 HashMap<Bid, Integer> bidCounter = new HashMap<Bid, Integer>();
436 try {
437 for (int i = 0; i < numOfBids; i++) {
438
439 if (bidCounter.get(bidHistory.get(i)) == null) {
440 bidCounter.put(bidHistory.get(i), 1);
441 } else {
442 int counter = bidCounter.get(bidHistory.get(i));
443 counter++;
444 bidCounter.put(bidHistory.get(i), counter);
445 }
446 }
447 } catch (Exception e) {
448 System.out.println("getSize exception");
449 }
450 return bidCounter.size();
451 }
452
453 // Another way to predict the opponent's concession degree
454 public double getConcessionDegree() {
455 int numOfBids = bidHistory.size();
456 double numOfDistinctBid = 0;
457 int historyLength = 10;
458 double concessionDegree = 0;
459 // HashMap<Bid, Integer> bidCounter = new HashMap<Bid, Integer>();
460 if (numOfBids - historyLength > 0) {
461 try {
462 for (int j = numOfBids - historyLength; j < numOfBids; j++) {
463 if (bidCounter.get(bidHistory.get(j)) == 1) {
464 numOfDistinctBid++;
465 }
466 }
467 concessionDegree = Math
468 .pow(numOfDistinctBid / historyLength, 2);
469 } catch (Exception e) {
470 System.out.println("getConcessionDegree exception");
471 }
472 } else {
473 numOfDistinctBid = this.getSize();
474 concessionDegree = Math.pow(numOfDistinctBid / historyLength, 2);
475 }
476 // System.out.println("the history length is" + bidHistory.size() +
477 // "concessiondegree is " + concessionDegree);
478 return concessionDegree;
479 }
480}
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