1 | package agents.anac.y2012.CUHKAgent;
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2 |
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3 | import java.util.ArrayList;
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4 | import java.util.HashMap;
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5 | import java.util.List;
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6 | import java.util.Random;
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7 |
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8 | import genius.core.Agent;
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9 | import genius.core.Bid;
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10 | import genius.core.BidIterator;
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11 | import genius.core.SupportedNegotiationSetting;
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12 | import genius.core.actions.Accept;
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13 | import genius.core.actions.Action;
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14 | import genius.core.actions.ActionWithBid;
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15 | import genius.core.actions.EndNegotiation;
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16 | import genius.core.actions.Offer;
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17 | import genius.core.issue.Issue;
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18 | import genius.core.issue.IssueDiscrete;
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19 | import genius.core.issue.IssueInteger;
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20 | import genius.core.issue.IssueReal;
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21 | import genius.core.issue.Value;
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22 | import genius.core.issue.ValueInteger;
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23 | import genius.core.issue.ValueReal;
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24 | import genius.core.utility.AdditiveUtilitySpace;
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25 |
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26 | /**
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27 | *
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28 | * @author Justin
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29 | */
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30 | public class CUHKAgent extends Agent {
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31 |
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32 | private double totalTime;
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33 | private Action ActionOfOpponent = null;
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34 | private double maximumOfBid;
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35 | private OwnBidHistory ownBidHistory;
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36 | private OpponentBidHistory opponentBidHistory;
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37 | private double minimumUtilityThreshold;
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38 | private double utilitythreshold;
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39 | private double MaximumUtility;
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40 | private double timeLeftBefore;
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41 | private double timeLeftAfter;
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42 | private double maximumTimeOfOpponent;
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43 | private double maximumTimeOfOwn;
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44 | private double discountingFactor;
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45 | private double concedeToDiscountingFactor;
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46 | private double concedeToDiscountingFactor_original;
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47 | private double minConcedeToDiscountingFactor;
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48 | private ArrayList<ArrayList<Bid>> bidsBetweenUtility;
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49 | private boolean concedeToOpponent;
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50 | private boolean toughAgent; // if we propose a bid that was proposed by the
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51 | // opponnet, then it should be accepted.
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52 | private double alpha1;// the larger alpha is, the more tough the agent is.
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53 | private Bid bid_maximum_utility;// the bid with the maximum utility over the
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54 | // utility space.
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55 | private double reservationValue;
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56 | private Random random;
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57 |
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58 | // @override
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59 |
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60 | @Override
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61 | public void init() {
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62 | try {
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63 | random = new Random();
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64 | maximumOfBid = this.utilitySpace.getDomain()
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65 | .getNumberOfPossibleBids();
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66 | ownBidHistory = new OwnBidHistory();
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67 | opponentBidHistory = new OpponentBidHistory();
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68 | bidsBetweenUtility = new ArrayList<ArrayList<Bid>>();
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69 | this.bid_maximum_utility = utilitySpace.getMaxUtilityBid();
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70 | this.utilitythreshold = utilitySpace
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71 | .getUtility(bid_maximum_utility); // initial
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72 | // utility
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73 | // threshold
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74 | this.MaximumUtility = this.utilitythreshold;
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75 | this.timeLeftAfter = 0;
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76 | this.timeLeftBefore = 0;
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77 | this.totalTime = timeline.getTotalTime();
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78 | this.maximumTimeOfOpponent = 0;
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79 | this.maximumTimeOfOwn = 0;
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80 | this.minConcedeToDiscountingFactor = 0.08;// 0.1;
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81 | this.discountingFactor = 1;
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82 | if (utilitySpace.getDiscountFactor() <= 1D
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83 | && utilitySpace.getDiscountFactor() > 0D) {
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84 | this.discountingFactor = utilitySpace.getDiscountFactor();
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85 | }
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86 | this.chooseUtilityThreshold();
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87 | this.calculateBidsBetweenUtility();
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88 | this.chooseConcedeToDiscountingDegree();
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89 | this.opponentBidHistory
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90 | .initializeDataStructures(utilitySpace.getDomain());
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91 | this.timeLeftAfter = timeline.getCurrentTime();
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92 | this.concedeToOpponent = false;
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93 | this.toughAgent = false;
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94 | this.alpha1 = 2;
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95 | this.reservationValue = 0;
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96 | if (utilitySpace.getReservationValue() > 0) {
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97 | this.reservationValue = utilitySpace.getReservationValue();
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98 | }
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99 |
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100 | } catch (Exception e) {
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101 | System.out.println("initialization error" + e.getMessage());
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102 | }
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103 | }
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104 |
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105 | // @override
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106 | @Override
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107 | public void ReceiveMessage(Action opponentAction) {
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108 | this.ActionOfOpponent = opponentAction;
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109 | }
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110 |
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111 | @Override
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112 | public String getVersion() {
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113 | return "CUHKAgent_version_2";
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114 | }
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115 |
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116 | @Override
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117 | public String getName() {
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118 | return "CUHKAgent";
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119 | }
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120 |
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121 | // @override
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122 | @Override
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123 | public Action chooseAction() {
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124 | Action action = null;
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125 | try {
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126 | // System.out.println("i propose " + debug + " bid at time " +
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127 | // timeline.getTime());
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128 | this.timeLeftBefore = timeline.getCurrentTime();
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129 | Bid bid = null;
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130 | // we propose first and propose the bid with maximum utility
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131 | if (ActionOfOpponent == null) {
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132 | bid = this.bid_maximum_utility;
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133 | action = new Offer(getAgentID(), bid);
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134 | } else if (ActionOfOpponent instanceof Offer) {// the opponent
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135 | // propose first and
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136 | // we response
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137 | // secondly
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138 | // receiveMessage opponent model first
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139 | this.opponentBidHistory.updateOpponentModel(
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140 | ((Offer) ActionOfOpponent).getBid(),
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141 | utilitySpace.getDomain(),
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142 | (AdditiveUtilitySpace) this.utilitySpace);
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143 | this.updateConcedeDegree();
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144 | // receiveMessage the estimation
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145 | if (ownBidHistory.numOfBidsProposed() == 0) {
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146 | // bid = utilitySpace.getMaxUtilityBid();
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147 | bid = this.bid_maximum_utility;
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148 |
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149 | action = new Offer(getAgentID(), bid);
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150 | } else {// other conditions
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151 | if (estimateRoundLeft(true) > 10) {// still have some rounds
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152 | // left to further
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153 | // negotiate (the major
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154 | // negotiation period)
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155 | bid = BidToOffer();
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156 | Boolean IsAccept = AcceptOpponentOffer(
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157 | ((Offer) ActionOfOpponent).getBid(), bid);
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158 | Boolean IsTerminate = TerminateCurrentNegotiation(bid);
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159 | if (IsAccept && !IsTerminate) {
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160 | action = new Accept(getAgentID(),
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161 | ((ActionWithBid) ActionOfOpponent)
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162 | .getBid());
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163 | } else if (IsTerminate && !IsAccept) {
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164 | action = new EndNegotiation(getAgentID());
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165 | } else if (IsAccept && IsTerminate) {
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166 | if (this.utilitySpace
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167 | .getUtility(((Offer) ActionOfOpponent)
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168 | .getBid()) > this.reservationValue) {
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169 | action = new Accept(getAgentID(),
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170 | ((ActionWithBid) ActionOfOpponent)
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171 | .getBid());
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172 | } else {
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173 | action = new EndNegotiation(getAgentID());
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174 | }
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175 | } else {
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176 | // we expect that the negotiation is over once we
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177 | // select a bid from the opponent's history.
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178 | if (this.concedeToOpponent == true) {
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179 | // bid =
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180 | // opponentBidHistory.chooseBestFromHistory(this.utilitySpace);
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181 | bid = opponentBidHistory.getBestBidInHistory();
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182 |
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183 | action = new Offer(getAgentID(), bid);
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184 | this.toughAgent = true;
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185 | this.concedeToOpponent = false;
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186 | } else {
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187 | action = new Offer(getAgentID(), bid);
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188 | this.toughAgent = false;
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189 | }
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190 | }
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191 | } else {// this is the last chance and we concede by
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192 | // providing the opponent the best offer he ever
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193 | // proposed to us
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194 | // in this case, it corresponds to an opponent whose
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195 | // decision time is short
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196 | if (timeline.getTime() > 0.9985
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197 | && estimateRoundLeft(true) < 5) {
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198 | // bid =
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199 | // opponentBidHistory.chooseBestFromHistory(this.utilitySpace);
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200 | bid = opponentBidHistory.getBestBidInHistory();
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201 |
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202 | // this is specially designed to avoid that we got
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203 | // very low utility by searching between an
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204 | // acceptable range (when the domain is small)
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205 | if (this.utilitySpace.getUtility(bid) < 0.85) {
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206 | List<Bid> candidateBids = this
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207 | .getBidsBetweenUtility(
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208 | this.MaximumUtility - 0.15,
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209 | this.MaximumUtility - 0.02);
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210 | // if the candidate bids do not exsit and also
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211 | // the deadline is approaching in next round, we
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212 | // concede.
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213 | // if (candidateBids.size() == 1 &&
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214 | // timeline.getTime()>0.9998) {
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215 | // we have no chance to make a new proposal
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216 | // before the deadline
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217 | if (this.estimateRoundLeft(true) < 2) {
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218 | bid = opponentBidHistory
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219 | .getBestBidInHistory();
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220 | } else {
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221 | bid = opponentBidHistory.ChooseBid(
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222 | candidateBids,
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223 | this.utilitySpace.getDomain());
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224 | }
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225 | if (bid == null) {
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226 | bid = opponentBidHistory
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227 | .getBestBidInHistory();
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228 | }
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229 | }
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230 | Boolean IsAccept = AcceptOpponentOffer(
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231 | ((Offer) ActionOfOpponent).getBid(), bid);
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232 | Boolean IsTerminate = TerminateCurrentNegotiation(
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233 | bid);
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234 | if (IsAccept && !IsTerminate) {
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235 | action = new Accept(getAgentID(),
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236 | ((ActionWithBid) ActionOfOpponent)
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237 | .getBid());
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238 | } else if (IsTerminate && !IsAccept) {
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239 | action = new EndNegotiation(getAgentID());
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240 | } else if (IsTerminate && IsAccept) {
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241 | if (this.utilitySpace
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242 | .getUtility(((Offer) ActionOfOpponent)
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243 | .getBid()) > this.reservationValue) {
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244 | action = new Accept(getAgentID(),
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245 | ((ActionWithBid) ActionOfOpponent)
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246 | .getBid());
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247 | } else {
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248 | action = new EndNegotiation(getAgentID());
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249 | }
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250 | } else {
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251 | if (this.toughAgent == true) {
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252 | action = new Accept(getAgentID(),
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253 | ((ActionWithBid) ActionOfOpponent)
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254 | .getBid());
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255 | } else {
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256 | action = new Offer(getAgentID(), bid);
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257 | }
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258 | }
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259 | // in this case, it corresponds to the situation
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260 | // that we encounter an opponent who needs more
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261 | // computation to make decision each round
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262 | } else {// we still have some time to negotiate,
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263 | // and be tough by sticking with the lowest one in
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264 | // previous offer history.
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265 | // we also have to make the decisin fast to avoid
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266 | // reaching the deadline before the decision is made
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267 | // bid = ownBidHistory.GetMinBidInHistory();//reduce
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268 | // the computational cost
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269 | bid = BidToOffer();
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270 |
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271 | // System.out.println("test----------------------------------------------------------"
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272 | // + timeline.getTime());
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273 | Boolean IsAccept = AcceptOpponentOffer(
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274 | ((Offer) ActionOfOpponent).getBid(), bid);
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275 | Boolean IsTerminate = TerminateCurrentNegotiation(
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276 | bid);
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277 | if (IsAccept && !IsTerminate) {
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278 | action = new Accept(getAgentID(),
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279 | ((ActionWithBid) ActionOfOpponent)
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280 | .getBid());
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281 | } else if (IsTerminate && !IsAccept) {
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282 | action = new EndNegotiation(getAgentID());
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283 | } else if (IsAccept && IsTerminate) {
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284 | if (this.utilitySpace
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285 | .getUtility(((Offer) ActionOfOpponent)
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286 | .getBid()) > this.reservationValue) {
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287 | action = new Accept(getAgentID(),
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288 | ((ActionWithBid) ActionOfOpponent)
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289 | .getBid());
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290 | } else {
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291 | action = new EndNegotiation(getAgentID());
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292 | }
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293 | } else {
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294 | action = new Offer(getAgentID(), bid);
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295 | // System.out.println("we have to be tough now"
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296 | // + bid.toString() + " with utility of " +
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297 | // utilitySpace.getUtility(bid));
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298 | }
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299 | }
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300 | }
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301 | }
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302 | }
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303 | // System.out.println("i propose " + debug + " bid at time " +
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304 | // timeline.getTime());
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305 | this.ownBidHistory.addBid(bid, (AdditiveUtilitySpace) utilitySpace);
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306 | this.timeLeftAfter = timeline.getCurrentTime();
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307 | this.estimateRoundLeft(false);// receiveMessage the estimation
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308 | } catch (Exception e) {
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309 | System.out.println("Exception in ChooseAction:" + e.getMessage());
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310 | System.out.println(estimateRoundLeft(false));
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311 | // action = new Accept(getAgentID()); // accept if anything goes
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312 | // wrong.
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313 | action = new EndNegotiation(getAgentID()); // terminate if anything
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314 | // goes wrong.
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315 | }
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316 | return action;
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317 | }
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318 |
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319 | /*
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320 | * principle: randomization over those candidate bids to let the opponent
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321 | * have a better model of my utility profile return the bid to be offered in
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322 | * the next round
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323 | */
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324 | private Bid BidToOffer() {
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325 | Bid bidReturned = null;
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326 | double decreasingAmount_1 = 0.05;
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327 | double decreasingAmount_2 = 0.25;
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328 | try {
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329 |
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330 | double maximumOfBid = this.MaximumUtility;// utilitySpace.getUtility(utilitySpace.getMaxUtilityBid());
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331 | double minimumOfBid;
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332 | // used when the domain is very large.
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333 | // make concession when the domin is large
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334 | if (this.discountingFactor == 1 && this.maximumOfBid > 3000) {
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335 | minimumOfBid = this.MaximumUtility - decreasingAmount_1;
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336 | // make further concession when the deadline is approaching and
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337 | // the domain is large
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338 | if (this.discountingFactor > 1 - decreasingAmount_2
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339 | && this.maximumOfBid > 10000
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340 | && timeline.getTime() >= 0.98) {
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341 | minimumOfBid = this.MaximumUtility - decreasingAmount_2;
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342 | }
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343 | if (this.utilitythreshold > minimumOfBid) {
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344 | this.utilitythreshold = minimumOfBid;
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345 | }
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346 | } /*
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347 | * else if (this.discountingFactor > 1 - decreasingAmount_3 &&
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348 | * this.maximumOfBid >= 100000 && this.maximumOfBid < 300000) {
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349 | * minimumOfBid = this.MaximumUtility - decreasingAmount_3; }
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350 | * else if (this.discountingFactor > 1 - decreasingAmount_4 &&
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351 | * this.maximumOfBid >= 300000) { minimumOfBid =
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352 | * this.MaximumUtility - decreasingAmount_4; }
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353 | */else {// the general case
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354 | if (timeline.getTime() <= this.concedeToDiscountingFactor) {
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355 | double minThreshold = (maximumOfBid
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356 | * this.discountingFactor)
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357 | / Math.pow(this.discountingFactor,
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358 | this.concedeToDiscountingFactor);
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359 | this.utilitythreshold = maximumOfBid
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360 | - (maximumOfBid - minThreshold) * Math.pow(
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361 | (timeline.getTime()
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362 | / this.concedeToDiscountingFactor),
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363 | alpha1);
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364 | } else {
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365 | this.utilitythreshold = (maximumOfBid
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366 | * this.discountingFactor)
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367 | / Math.pow(this.discountingFactor,
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368 | timeline.getTime());
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369 | }
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370 | minimumOfBid = this.utilitythreshold;
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371 | }
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372 |
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373 | /*
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374 | * if(minimumOfBid < 0.9 && this.guessOpponentType == false){
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375 | * if(this.opponentBidHistory.getSize() <= 2){ this.opponentType =
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376 | * 1;//tough opponent alpha1 = 2; } else{ this.opponentType = 0;
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377 | * alpha1 = 4; } this.guessOpponentType = true;//we only guess the
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378 | * opponent type once here System.out.println("we guess the opponent
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379 | * type is "+this.opponentType); }
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380 | */
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381 |
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382 | // choose from the opponent bid history first to reduce calculation
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383 | // time
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384 | Bid bestBidOfferedByOpponent = opponentBidHistory
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385 | .getBestBidInHistory();
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386 | if (utilitySpace.getUtility(
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387 | bestBidOfferedByOpponent) >= this.utilitythreshold
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388 | || utilitySpace.getUtility(
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389 | bestBidOfferedByOpponent) >= minimumOfBid) {
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390 | return bestBidOfferedByOpponent;
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391 | }
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392 | List<Bid> candidateBids = this.getBidsBetweenUtility(minimumOfBid,
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393 | maximumOfBid);
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394 |
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395 | bidReturned = opponentBidHistory.ChooseBid(candidateBids,
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396 | this.utilitySpace.getDomain());
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397 | if (bidReturned == null) {
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398 | bidReturned = this.utilitySpace.getMaxUtilityBid();
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399 | }
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400 | } catch (Exception e) {
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401 | System.out
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402 | .println(e.getMessage() + "exception in method BidToOffer");
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403 | }
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404 | // System.out.println("the current threshold is " +
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405 | // this.utilitythreshold + " with the value of alpha1 is " + alpha1);
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406 | return bidReturned;
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407 | }
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408 |
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409 | /*
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410 | * decide whether to accept the current offer or not
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411 | */
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412 | private boolean AcceptOpponentOffer(Bid opponentBid, Bid ownBid) {
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413 | double currentUtility = 0;
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414 | double nextRoundUtility = 0;
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415 | double maximumUtility = 0;
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416 | this.concedeToOpponent = false;
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417 | try {
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418 | currentUtility = this.utilitySpace.getUtility(opponentBid);
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419 | maximumUtility = this.MaximumUtility;// utilitySpace.getUtility(utilitySpace.getMaxUtilityBid());
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420 | } catch (Exception e) {
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421 | System.out.println(e.getMessage()
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422 | + "Exception in method AcceptOpponentOffer part 1");
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423 | }
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424 | try {
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425 | nextRoundUtility = this.utilitySpace.getUtility(ownBid);
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426 | } catch (Exception e) {
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427 | System.out.println(e.getMessage()
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428 | + "Exception in method AcceptOpponentOffer part 2");
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429 | }
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430 | // System.out.println(this.utilitythreshold +"at time "+
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431 | // timeline.getTime());
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432 | if (currentUtility >= this.utilitythreshold
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433 | || currentUtility >= nextRoundUtility) {
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434 | return true;
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435 | } else {
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436 | // if the current utility with discount is larger than the predicted
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437 | // maximum utility with discount
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438 | // then accept it.
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439 | double predictMaximumUtility = maximumUtility
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440 | * this.discountingFactor;
|
---|
441 | // double currentMaximumUtility =
|
---|
442 | // this.utilitySpace.getUtilityWithDiscount(opponentBidHistory.chooseBestFromHistory(utilitySpace),
|
---|
443 | // timeline);
|
---|
444 | double currentMaximumUtility = this.utilitySpace
|
---|
445 | .getUtilityWithDiscount(
|
---|
446 | opponentBidHistory.getBestBidInHistory(), timeline);
|
---|
447 | if (currentMaximumUtility > predictMaximumUtility
|
---|
448 | && timeline.getTime() > this.concedeToDiscountingFactor) {
|
---|
449 | try {
|
---|
450 | // if the current offer is approximately as good as the best
|
---|
451 | // one in the history, then accept it.
|
---|
452 | if (utilitySpace
|
---|
453 | .getUtility(opponentBid) >= utilitySpace.getUtility(
|
---|
454 | opponentBidHistory.getBestBidInHistory())
|
---|
455 | - 0.01) {
|
---|
456 | return true;
|
---|
457 | } else {
|
---|
458 | this.concedeToOpponent = true;
|
---|
459 | return false;
|
---|
460 | }
|
---|
461 | } catch (Exception e) {
|
---|
462 | System.out
|
---|
463 | .println("exception in Method AcceptOpponentOffer");
|
---|
464 | return true;
|
---|
465 | }
|
---|
466 | // retrieve the opponent's biding history and utilize it
|
---|
467 | } else if (currentMaximumUtility > this.utilitythreshold
|
---|
468 | * Math.pow(this.discountingFactor, timeline.getTime())) {
|
---|
469 | try {
|
---|
470 | // if the current offer is approximately as good as the best
|
---|
471 | // one in the history, then accept it.
|
---|
472 | if (utilitySpace
|
---|
473 | .getUtility(opponentBid) >= utilitySpace.getUtility(
|
---|
474 | opponentBidHistory.getBestBidInHistory())
|
---|
475 | - 0.01) {
|
---|
476 | return true;
|
---|
477 | } else {
|
---|
478 | System.out.println(
|
---|
479 | "test" + utilitySpace.getUtility(opponentBid)
|
---|
480 | + this.utilitythreshold);
|
---|
481 | this.concedeToOpponent = true;
|
---|
482 | return false;
|
---|
483 | }
|
---|
484 | } catch (Exception e) {
|
---|
485 | System.out
|
---|
486 | .println("exception in Method AcceptOpponentOffer");
|
---|
487 | return true;
|
---|
488 | }
|
---|
489 | } else {
|
---|
490 | return false;
|
---|
491 | }
|
---|
492 | }
|
---|
493 | }
|
---|
494 |
|
---|
495 | /*
|
---|
496 | * decide whether or not to terminate now
|
---|
497 | */
|
---|
498 | private boolean TerminateCurrentNegotiation(Bid ownBid) {
|
---|
499 | double currentUtility = 0;
|
---|
500 | double nextRoundUtility = 0;
|
---|
501 | double maximumUtility = 0;
|
---|
502 | this.concedeToOpponent = false;
|
---|
503 | try {
|
---|
504 | currentUtility = this.reservationValue;
|
---|
505 | nextRoundUtility = this.utilitySpace.getUtility(ownBid);
|
---|
506 | maximumUtility = this.MaximumUtility;
|
---|
507 | } catch (Exception e) {
|
---|
508 | System.out.println(e.getMessage()
|
---|
509 | + "Exception in method TerminateCurrentNegotiation part 1");
|
---|
510 | }
|
---|
511 |
|
---|
512 | if (currentUtility >= this.utilitythreshold
|
---|
513 | || currentUtility >= nextRoundUtility) {
|
---|
514 | return true;
|
---|
515 | } else {
|
---|
516 | // if the current reseravation utility with discount is larger than
|
---|
517 | // the predicted maximum utility with discount
|
---|
518 | // then terminate the negotiation.
|
---|
519 | double predictMaximumUtility = maximumUtility
|
---|
520 | * this.discountingFactor;
|
---|
521 | double currentMaximumUtility = this.utilitySpace
|
---|
522 | .getReservationValueWithDiscount(timeline);
|
---|
523 | // System.out.println("the current reserved value is "+
|
---|
524 | // this.reservationValue+" after discounting is
|
---|
525 | // "+currentMaximumUtility);
|
---|
526 | if (currentMaximumUtility > predictMaximumUtility
|
---|
527 | && timeline.getTime() > this.concedeToDiscountingFactor) {
|
---|
528 | return true;
|
---|
529 | } else {
|
---|
530 | return false;
|
---|
531 | }
|
---|
532 | }
|
---|
533 | }
|
---|
534 |
|
---|
535 | /*
|
---|
536 | * estimate the number of rounds left before reaching the deadline @param
|
---|
537 | * opponent @return
|
---|
538 | */
|
---|
539 |
|
---|
540 | private int estimateRoundLeft(boolean opponent) {
|
---|
541 | double round;
|
---|
542 | if (opponent == true) {
|
---|
543 | if (this.timeLeftBefore
|
---|
544 | - this.timeLeftAfter > this.maximumTimeOfOpponent) {
|
---|
545 | this.maximumTimeOfOpponent = this.timeLeftBefore
|
---|
546 | - this.timeLeftAfter;
|
---|
547 | }
|
---|
548 | } else {
|
---|
549 | if (this.timeLeftAfter
|
---|
550 | - this.timeLeftBefore > this.maximumTimeOfOwn) {
|
---|
551 | this.maximumTimeOfOwn = this.timeLeftAfter
|
---|
552 | - this.timeLeftBefore;
|
---|
553 | }
|
---|
554 | }
|
---|
555 | if (this.maximumTimeOfOpponent + this.maximumTimeOfOwn == 0) {
|
---|
556 | System.out.println("divided by zero exception");
|
---|
557 | }
|
---|
558 | round = (this.totalTime - timeline.getCurrentTime())
|
---|
559 | / (this.maximumTimeOfOpponent + this.maximumTimeOfOwn);
|
---|
560 | // System.out.println("current time is " + timeline.getElapsedSeconds()
|
---|
561 | // + "---" + round + "----" + this.maximumTimeOfOpponent);
|
---|
562 | return ((int) (round));
|
---|
563 | }
|
---|
564 |
|
---|
565 | /*
|
---|
566 | * pre-processing to save the computational time each round
|
---|
567 | */
|
---|
568 | private void calculateBidsBetweenUtility() {
|
---|
569 | BidIterator myBidIterator = new BidIterator(
|
---|
570 | this.utilitySpace.getDomain());
|
---|
571 |
|
---|
572 | try {
|
---|
573 | // double maximumUtility =
|
---|
574 | // utilitySpace.getUtility(utilitySpace.getMaxUtilityBid());
|
---|
575 | double maximumUtility = this.MaximumUtility;
|
---|
576 | double minUtility = this.minimumUtilityThreshold;
|
---|
577 | int maximumRounds = (int) ((maximumUtility - minUtility) / 0.01);
|
---|
578 | // initalization for each arraylist storing the bids between each
|
---|
579 | // range
|
---|
580 | for (int i = 0; i < maximumRounds; i++) {
|
---|
581 | ArrayList<Bid> BidList = new ArrayList<Bid>();
|
---|
582 | // BidList.add(this.bid_maximum_utility);
|
---|
583 | this.bidsBetweenUtility.add(BidList);
|
---|
584 | }
|
---|
585 | this.bidsBetweenUtility.get(maximumRounds - 1)
|
---|
586 | .add(this.bid_maximum_utility);
|
---|
587 | // note that here we may need to use some trick to reduce the
|
---|
588 | // computation cost (to be checked later);
|
---|
589 | // add those bids in each range into the corresponding arraylist
|
---|
590 | int limits = 0;
|
---|
591 | if (this.maximumOfBid < 20000) {
|
---|
592 | while (myBidIterator.hasNext()) {
|
---|
593 | Bid b = myBidIterator.next();
|
---|
594 | for (int i = 0; i < maximumRounds; i++) {
|
---|
595 | if (utilitySpace.getUtility(b) <= (i + 1) * 0.01
|
---|
596 | + minUtility
|
---|
597 | && utilitySpace.getUtility(b) >= i * 0.01
|
---|
598 | + minUtility) {
|
---|
599 | this.bidsBetweenUtility.get(i).add(b);
|
---|
600 | break;
|
---|
601 | }
|
---|
602 | }
|
---|
603 | // limits++;
|
---|
604 | }
|
---|
605 | } else {
|
---|
606 | while (limits <= 20000) {
|
---|
607 | Bid b = this.RandomSearchBid();
|
---|
608 | for (int i = 0; i < maximumRounds; i++) {
|
---|
609 | if (utilitySpace.getUtility(b) <= (i + 1) * 0.01
|
---|
610 | + minUtility
|
---|
611 | && utilitySpace.getUtility(b) >= i * 0.01
|
---|
612 | + minUtility) {
|
---|
613 | this.bidsBetweenUtility.get(i).add(b);
|
---|
614 | break;
|
---|
615 | }
|
---|
616 | }
|
---|
617 | limits++;
|
---|
618 | }
|
---|
619 | }
|
---|
620 | } catch (Exception e) {
|
---|
621 | System.out.println("Exception in calculateBidsBetweenUtility()");
|
---|
622 | e.printStackTrace();
|
---|
623 | }
|
---|
624 | }
|
---|
625 |
|
---|
626 | private Bid RandomSearchBid() throws Exception {
|
---|
627 | HashMap<Integer, Value> values = new HashMap<Integer, Value>();
|
---|
628 | List<Issue> issues = utilitySpace.getDomain().getIssues();
|
---|
629 | Bid bid = null;
|
---|
630 |
|
---|
631 | for (Issue lIssue : issues) {
|
---|
632 | switch (lIssue.getType()) {
|
---|
633 | case DISCRETE:
|
---|
634 | IssueDiscrete lIssueDiscrete = (IssueDiscrete) lIssue;
|
---|
635 | int optionIndex = random
|
---|
636 | .nextInt(lIssueDiscrete.getNumberOfValues());
|
---|
637 |
|
---|
638 | values.put(lIssue.getNumber(),
|
---|
639 | lIssueDiscrete.getValue(optionIndex));
|
---|
640 | break;
|
---|
641 | case REAL:
|
---|
642 | IssueReal lIssueReal = (IssueReal) lIssue;
|
---|
643 | int optionInd = random.nextInt(
|
---|
644 | lIssueReal.getNumberOfDiscretizationSteps() - 1);
|
---|
645 | values.put(lIssueReal.getNumber(),
|
---|
646 | new ValueReal(lIssueReal.getLowerBound() + (lIssueReal
|
---|
647 | .getUpperBound() - lIssueReal.getLowerBound())
|
---|
648 | * (optionInd) / (lIssueReal
|
---|
649 | .getNumberOfDiscretizationSteps())));
|
---|
650 | break;
|
---|
651 | case INTEGER:
|
---|
652 | IssueInteger lIssueInteger = (IssueInteger) lIssue;
|
---|
653 | int optionIndex2 = lIssueInteger.getLowerBound()
|
---|
654 | + random.nextInt(lIssueInteger.getUpperBound()
|
---|
655 | - lIssueInteger.getLowerBound());
|
---|
656 | values.put(lIssueInteger.getNumber(),
|
---|
657 | new ValueInteger(optionIndex2));
|
---|
658 | break;
|
---|
659 | default:
|
---|
660 | throw new Exception(
|
---|
661 | "issue type " + lIssue.getType() + " not supported");
|
---|
662 | }
|
---|
663 | }
|
---|
664 | bid = new Bid(utilitySpace.getDomain(), values);
|
---|
665 | return bid;
|
---|
666 | }
|
---|
667 |
|
---|
668 | /*
|
---|
669 | * Get all the bids within a given utility range.
|
---|
670 | */
|
---|
671 | private List<Bid> getBidsBetweenUtility(double lowerBound,
|
---|
672 | double upperBound) {
|
---|
673 | List<Bid> bidsInRange = new ArrayList<Bid>();
|
---|
674 | try {
|
---|
675 | int range = (int) ((upperBound - this.minimumUtilityThreshold)
|
---|
676 | / 0.01);
|
---|
677 | int initial = (int) ((lowerBound - this.minimumUtilityThreshold)
|
---|
678 | / 0.01);
|
---|
679 | // System.out.println(range+"---"+initial);
|
---|
680 | for (int i = initial; i < range; i++) {
|
---|
681 | bidsInRange.addAll(this.bidsBetweenUtility.get(i));
|
---|
682 | }
|
---|
683 | if (bidsInRange.isEmpty()) {
|
---|
684 | bidsInRange.add(this.bid_maximum_utility);
|
---|
685 | }
|
---|
686 | } catch (Exception e) {
|
---|
687 | System.out.println("Exception in getBidsBetweenUtility");
|
---|
688 | e.printStackTrace();
|
---|
689 | }
|
---|
690 | return bidsInRange;
|
---|
691 | }
|
---|
692 |
|
---|
693 | /*
|
---|
694 | * determine the lowest bound of our utility threshold based on the
|
---|
695 | * discounting factor we think that the minimum utility threshold should not
|
---|
696 | * be related with the discounting degree.
|
---|
697 | */
|
---|
698 | private void chooseUtilityThreshold() {
|
---|
699 | double discountingFactor = this.discountingFactor;
|
---|
700 | if (discountingFactor >= 0.9) {
|
---|
701 | this.minimumUtilityThreshold = 0;// this.MaximumUtility - 0.09;
|
---|
702 | } else {
|
---|
703 | // this.minimumUtilityThreshold = 0.85;
|
---|
704 | this.minimumUtilityThreshold = 0;// this.MaximumUtility - 0.09;
|
---|
705 | }
|
---|
706 | }
|
---|
707 |
|
---|
708 | /*
|
---|
709 | * determine concede-to-time degree based on the discounting factor.
|
---|
710 | */
|
---|
711 |
|
---|
712 | private void chooseConcedeToDiscountingDegree() {
|
---|
713 | double alpha = 0;
|
---|
714 | double beta = 1.5;// 1.3;//this value controls the rate at which the
|
---|
715 | // agent concedes to the discouting factor.
|
---|
716 | // the larger beta is, the more the agent makes concesions.
|
---|
717 | // if (utilitySpace.getDomain().getNumberOfPossibleBids() > 100) {
|
---|
718 | /*
|
---|
719 | * if (this.maximumOfBid > 100) { beta = 2;//1.3; } else { beta = 1.5; }
|
---|
720 | */
|
---|
721 | // the vaule of beta depends on the discounting factor (trade-off
|
---|
722 | // between concede-to-time degree and discouting factor)
|
---|
723 | if (this.discountingFactor > 0.75) {
|
---|
724 | beta = 1.8;
|
---|
725 | } else if (this.discountingFactor > 0.5) {
|
---|
726 | beta = 1.5;
|
---|
727 | } else {
|
---|
728 | beta = 1.2;
|
---|
729 | }
|
---|
730 | alpha = Math.pow(this.discountingFactor, beta);
|
---|
731 | this.concedeToDiscountingFactor = this.minConcedeToDiscountingFactor
|
---|
732 | + (1 - this.minConcedeToDiscountingFactor) * alpha;
|
---|
733 | this.concedeToDiscountingFactor_original = this.concedeToDiscountingFactor;
|
---|
734 | System.out.println("concedeToDiscountingFactor is "
|
---|
735 | + this.concedeToDiscountingFactor + "current time is "
|
---|
736 | + timeline.getTime());
|
---|
737 | }
|
---|
738 |
|
---|
739 | /*
|
---|
740 | * receiveMessage the concede-to-time degree based on the predicted
|
---|
741 | * toughness degree of the opponent
|
---|
742 | */
|
---|
743 |
|
---|
744 | private void updateConcedeDegree() {
|
---|
745 | double gama = 10;
|
---|
746 | double weight = 0.1;
|
---|
747 | double opponnetToughnessDegree = this.opponentBidHistory
|
---|
748 | .getConcessionDegree();
|
---|
749 | // this.concedeToDiscountingFactor =
|
---|
750 | // this.concedeToDiscountingFactor_original * (1 +
|
---|
751 | // opponnetToughnessDegree);
|
---|
752 | this.concedeToDiscountingFactor = this.concedeToDiscountingFactor_original
|
---|
753 | + weight * (1 - this.concedeToDiscountingFactor_original)
|
---|
754 | * Math.pow(opponnetToughnessDegree, gama);
|
---|
755 | if (this.concedeToDiscountingFactor >= 1) {
|
---|
756 | this.concedeToDiscountingFactor = 1;
|
---|
757 | }
|
---|
758 | // System.out.println("concedeToDiscountingFactor is " +
|
---|
759 | // this.concedeToDiscountingFactor + "current time is " +
|
---|
760 | // timeline.getTime() + "original concedetodiscoutingfactor is " +
|
---|
761 | // this.concedeToDiscountingFactor_original);
|
---|
762 | }
|
---|
763 |
|
---|
764 | @Override
|
---|
765 | public SupportedNegotiationSetting getSupportedNegotiationSetting() {
|
---|
766 | return SupportedNegotiationSetting.getLinearUtilitySpaceInstance();
|
---|
767 | }
|
---|
768 |
|
---|
769 | @Override
|
---|
770 | public String getDescription() {
|
---|
771 | return "ANAC2012";
|
---|
772 | }
|
---|
773 |
|
---|
774 | }
|
---|