1 | package agents;
|
---|
2 |
|
---|
3 | import java.util.ArrayList;
|
---|
4 | import java.util.HashMap;
|
---|
5 | import java.util.Map.Entry;
|
---|
6 | import java.util.Random;
|
---|
7 |
|
---|
8 | import agents.similarity.Similarity;
|
---|
9 | import genius.core.Agent;
|
---|
10 | import genius.core.Bid;
|
---|
11 | import genius.core.BidIterator;
|
---|
12 | import genius.core.DomainImpl;
|
---|
13 | import genius.core.SupportedNegotiationSetting;
|
---|
14 | import genius.core.actions.Accept;
|
---|
15 | import genius.core.actions.Action;
|
---|
16 | import genius.core.actions.EndNegotiation;
|
---|
17 | import genius.core.actions.Offer;
|
---|
18 |
|
---|
19 | public class SimilarityAgent extends Agent {
|
---|
20 |
|
---|
21 | private Action messageOpponent;
|
---|
22 | private Bid myLastBid = null;
|
---|
23 | private Action myLastAction = null;
|
---|
24 | private Similarity fSimilarity;
|
---|
25 |
|
---|
26 | private enum ACTIONTYPE {
|
---|
27 | START, OFFER, ACCEPT, BREAKOFF
|
---|
28 | };
|
---|
29 |
|
---|
30 | private enum STRATEGY {
|
---|
31 | SMART, SERIAL, RESPONSIVE, RANDOM
|
---|
32 | };
|
---|
33 |
|
---|
34 | private STRATEGY fStrategy = STRATEGY.SMART;
|
---|
35 | private int fSmartSteps;
|
---|
36 | private static final double CONCESSIONFACTOR = 0.035;
|
---|
37 | private static final double ALLOWED_UTILITY_DEVIATION = 0.01;
|
---|
38 | private static final int NUMBER_OF_SMART_STEPS = 0;
|
---|
39 | private HashMap<Bid, Double> utilityCash;
|
---|
40 |
|
---|
41 | // Class constructor
|
---|
42 | public SimilarityAgent() {
|
---|
43 | super();
|
---|
44 | }
|
---|
45 |
|
---|
46 | @Override
|
---|
47 | public void init() {
|
---|
48 | messageOpponent = null;
|
---|
49 | myLastBid = null;
|
---|
50 | myLastAction = null;
|
---|
51 | fSmartSteps = 0;
|
---|
52 | // load similarity info from the utility space
|
---|
53 | fSimilarity = new Similarity(utilitySpace.getDomain());
|
---|
54 | // HACK we assume DomainImpl is used
|
---|
55 | fSimilarity.loadFromXML(
|
---|
56 | ((DomainImpl) utilitySpace.getDomain()).getXMLRoot());
|
---|
57 | // build utility cash
|
---|
58 | utilityCash = new HashMap<Bid, Double>();
|
---|
59 | BidIterator lIter = new BidIterator(utilitySpace.getDomain());
|
---|
60 | try {
|
---|
61 | while (lIter.hasNext()) {
|
---|
62 | Bid tmpBid = lIter.next();
|
---|
63 | utilityCash.put(tmpBid,
|
---|
64 | new Double(utilitySpace.getUtility(tmpBid)));
|
---|
65 | } // while
|
---|
66 | } catch (Exception e) {
|
---|
67 | e.printStackTrace();
|
---|
68 | }
|
---|
69 |
|
---|
70 | }
|
---|
71 |
|
---|
72 | // Class methods
|
---|
73 | @Override
|
---|
74 | public void ReceiveMessage(Action opponentAction) {
|
---|
75 | messageOpponent = opponentAction;
|
---|
76 | }
|
---|
77 |
|
---|
78 | @Override
|
---|
79 | public String getVersion() {
|
---|
80 | return "1.0";
|
---|
81 | };
|
---|
82 |
|
---|
83 | private Action proposeInitialBid() {
|
---|
84 | Bid lBid = null;
|
---|
85 | /*
|
---|
86 | * Value[] values = new Value[4]; if(myName.equals("Buyer")) { values[0]
|
---|
87 | * = new ValueReal(0.6); values[1] = new ValueReal(0.9); values[2] = new
|
---|
88 | * ValueReal(0.6); values[3] = new ValueReal(1); } else { values[0] =
|
---|
89 | * new ValueReal(0); values[1] = new ValueReal(0.2); values[2] = new
|
---|
90 | * ValueReal(0); values[3] = new ValueReal(0.5); } lBid = new
|
---|
91 | * Bid(utilitySpace.getDomain(), values);
|
---|
92 | */
|
---|
93 | // Return (one of the) possible bid(s) with maximal utility.
|
---|
94 | try {
|
---|
95 | lBid = utilitySpace.getMaxUtilityBid();
|
---|
96 | Bid lBid2 = getBidRandomWalk(utilitySpace.getUtility(lBid) * 0.98,
|
---|
97 | utilitySpace.getUtility(lBid));
|
---|
98 | if (lBid != null) {
|
---|
99 | lBid = lBid2;
|
---|
100 | }
|
---|
101 | } catch (Exception e) {
|
---|
102 | e.printStackTrace();
|
---|
103 | }
|
---|
104 | fSmartSteps = NUMBER_OF_SMART_STEPS + 1;
|
---|
105 | myLastBid = lBid;
|
---|
106 |
|
---|
107 | return new Offer(getAgentID(), lBid);
|
---|
108 |
|
---|
109 | }
|
---|
110 |
|
---|
111 | private Bid getNextBidSmart(Bid pOppntBid) {
|
---|
112 | double lMyUtility = 0, lOppntUtility = 0, lTargetUtility;
|
---|
113 | // Both parties have made an initial bid. Compute associated utilities
|
---|
114 | // from my point of view.
|
---|
115 | try {
|
---|
116 | lMyUtility = utilitySpace.getUtility(myLastBid);
|
---|
117 | lOppntUtility = utilitySpace.getUtility(pOppntBid);
|
---|
118 | } catch (Exception e) {
|
---|
119 | e.printStackTrace();
|
---|
120 | }
|
---|
121 | if (fSmartSteps >= NUMBER_OF_SMART_STEPS) {
|
---|
122 | lTargetUtility = getTargetUtility(lMyUtility, lOppntUtility);
|
---|
123 | fSmartSteps = 0;
|
---|
124 | } else {
|
---|
125 | lTargetUtility = lMyUtility;
|
---|
126 | fSmartSteps++;
|
---|
127 | }
|
---|
128 | Bid lMyLastBid = myLastBid;
|
---|
129 | Bid lBid = getTradeOffExhaustive(lTargetUtility, pOppntBid);
|
---|
130 | if (Math.abs(fSimilarity.getSimilarity(lMyLastBid, lBid)) > 0.993) {
|
---|
131 | lTargetUtility = getTargetUtility(lMyUtility, lOppntUtility);
|
---|
132 | fSmartSteps = 0;
|
---|
133 | lBid = getTradeOffExhaustive(lTargetUtility, pOppntBid);
|
---|
134 | }
|
---|
135 | return lBid;
|
---|
136 | }
|
---|
137 |
|
---|
138 | private Bid getTradeOffExhaustive(double pUtility, Bid pOppntBid) {
|
---|
139 | Bid lBid = null;
|
---|
140 | double lSim = -1;
|
---|
141 | // BidIterator lIter = new BidIterator(utilitySpace.getDomain());
|
---|
142 | // while(lIter.hasNext()) {
|
---|
143 | for (Entry<Bid, Double> entry : utilityCash.entrySet()) {
|
---|
144 | Bid tmpBid = entry.getKey();
|
---|
145 | double lUtil = entry.getValue();
|
---|
146 | if (Math.abs(lUtil - pUtility) < ALLOWED_UTILITY_DEVIATION) {
|
---|
147 | double lTmpSim = fSimilarity.getSimilarity(tmpBid, pOppntBid);
|
---|
148 | if (lTmpSim > lSim) {
|
---|
149 | lSim = lTmpSim;
|
---|
150 | lBid = tmpBid;
|
---|
151 | }
|
---|
152 | }
|
---|
153 | } // while
|
---|
154 | return lBid;
|
---|
155 | }
|
---|
156 |
|
---|
157 | private Action proposeNextBid(Bid pOppntBid) {
|
---|
158 | Bid lBid = null;
|
---|
159 | switch (fStrategy) {
|
---|
160 | case SMART:
|
---|
161 | lBid = getNextBidSmart(pOppntBid);
|
---|
162 | break;
|
---|
163 | }
|
---|
164 | myLastBid = lBid;
|
---|
165 | return new Offer(getAgentID(), lBid);
|
---|
166 | }
|
---|
167 |
|
---|
168 | @Override
|
---|
169 | public Action chooseAction() {
|
---|
170 | Action lAction = null;
|
---|
171 | ACTIONTYPE lActionType;
|
---|
172 | Bid lOppntBid = null;
|
---|
173 |
|
---|
174 | lActionType = getActionType(messageOpponent);
|
---|
175 | try {
|
---|
176 | switch (lActionType) {
|
---|
177 | case OFFER: // Offer received from opponent
|
---|
178 | lOppntBid = ((Offer) messageOpponent).getBid();
|
---|
179 | if (myLastAction == null)
|
---|
180 | // Other agent started, lets propose my initial bid.
|
---|
181 | lAction = proposeInitialBid();
|
---|
182 | else if (utilitySpace.getUtility(lOppntBid) >= utilitySpace
|
---|
183 | .getUtility(myLastBid))
|
---|
184 | // Opponent bids equally, or outbids my previous bid, so
|
---|
185 | // lets
|
---|
186 | // accept
|
---|
187 | lAction = new Accept(getAgentID(), lOppntBid);
|
---|
188 | else
|
---|
189 | // Propose counteroffer. Get next bid.
|
---|
190 | lAction = proposeNextBid(lOppntBid);
|
---|
191 | // Check if utility of the new bid is lower than utility of the
|
---|
192 | // opponent's last bid
|
---|
193 | // if yes then accept last bid of the opponent.
|
---|
194 | if (utilitySpace.getUtility(lOppntBid) >= utilitySpace
|
---|
195 | .getUtility(myLastBid))
|
---|
196 | // Opponent bids equally, or outbids my previous bid, so
|
---|
197 | // lets
|
---|
198 | // accept
|
---|
199 | lAction = new Accept(getAgentID(), lOppntBid);
|
---|
200 | break;
|
---|
201 | case ACCEPT: // Presumably, opponent accepted last bid, but let's
|
---|
202 | // check...
|
---|
203 | break;
|
---|
204 | case BREAKOFF:
|
---|
205 | // nothing left to do. Negotiation ended, which should be
|
---|
206 | // checked by
|
---|
207 | // Negotiator...
|
---|
208 | break;
|
---|
209 | default:
|
---|
210 | // I am starting, but not sure whether Negotiator checks this,
|
---|
211 | // so
|
---|
212 | // lets check also myLastAction...
|
---|
213 | if (myLastAction == null)
|
---|
214 | lAction = proposeInitialBid();
|
---|
215 | else
|
---|
216 | // simply repeat last action
|
---|
217 | lAction = myLastAction;
|
---|
218 | break;
|
---|
219 | }
|
---|
220 | } catch (Exception e) {
|
---|
221 | e.printStackTrace();
|
---|
222 | }
|
---|
223 | myLastAction = lAction;
|
---|
224 | return lAction;
|
---|
225 | }
|
---|
226 |
|
---|
227 | private ACTIONTYPE getActionType(Action lAction) {
|
---|
228 | ACTIONTYPE lActionType = ACTIONTYPE.START;
|
---|
229 | if (lAction instanceof Offer)
|
---|
230 | lActionType = ACTIONTYPE.OFFER;
|
---|
231 | else if (lAction instanceof Accept)
|
---|
232 | lActionType = ACTIONTYPE.ACCEPT;
|
---|
233 | else if (lAction instanceof EndNegotiation)
|
---|
234 | lActionType = ACTIONTYPE.BREAKOFF;
|
---|
235 | return lActionType;
|
---|
236 | }
|
---|
237 |
|
---|
238 | private Bid getBidRandomWalk(double lowerBound, double upperBoud)
|
---|
239 | throws Exception {
|
---|
240 | // find all suitable bids
|
---|
241 | ArrayList<Bid> lBidsRange = new ArrayList<Bid>();
|
---|
242 | BidIterator lIter = new BidIterator(utilitySpace.getDomain());
|
---|
243 | while (lIter.hasNext()) {
|
---|
244 | Bid tmpBid = lIter.next();
|
---|
245 | double lUtil = 0;
|
---|
246 | try {
|
---|
247 | lUtil = utilitySpace.getUtility(tmpBid);
|
---|
248 | if (lUtil >= lowerBound && lUtil <= upperBoud)
|
---|
249 | lBidsRange.add(tmpBid);
|
---|
250 | } catch (Exception e) {
|
---|
251 | e.printStackTrace();
|
---|
252 | }
|
---|
253 | } // while
|
---|
254 | // Return bid that gets closest to target utility in a "random walk"
|
---|
255 | // search.
|
---|
256 | /*
|
---|
257 | * lBestBid = utilitySpace.getDomain().getRandomBid(); while(true) {
|
---|
258 | * lBid = utilitySpace.getDomain().getRandomBid(); if
|
---|
259 | * ((utilitySpace.getUtility(lBid) > lowerBound)&&
|
---|
260 | * (utilitySpace.getUtility(lBestBid) < upperBoud)) { lBestBid = lBid;
|
---|
261 | * break; }*
|
---|
262 | *
|
---|
263 | * }
|
---|
264 | */
|
---|
265 | if (lBidsRange.size() < 1) {
|
---|
266 | return null;
|
---|
267 | }
|
---|
268 | if (lBidsRange.size() < 2) {
|
---|
269 | return lBidsRange.get(0);
|
---|
270 | } else {
|
---|
271 | int lIndex = (new Random()).nextInt(lBidsRange.size() - 1);
|
---|
272 | return lBidsRange.get(lIndex);
|
---|
273 | }
|
---|
274 | }
|
---|
275 |
|
---|
276 | private double getTargetUtility(double myUtility, double oppntUtility) {
|
---|
277 | return myUtility - getConcessionFactor();
|
---|
278 | }
|
---|
279 |
|
---|
280 | private double getConcessionFactor() {
|
---|
281 | // The more the agent is willing to concess on its aspiration value, the
|
---|
282 | // higher this factor.
|
---|
283 | return CONCESSIONFACTOR;
|
---|
284 | }
|
---|
285 |
|
---|
286 | @Override
|
---|
287 | public SupportedNegotiationSetting getSupportedNegotiationSetting() {
|
---|
288 | return SupportedNegotiationSetting.getLinearUtilitySpaceInstance();
|
---|
289 | }
|
---|
290 |
|
---|
291 | @Override
|
---|
292 | public String getDescription() {
|
---|
293 | return "Tries to make bids similar to received offers";
|
---|
294 | }
|
---|
295 |
|
---|
296 | }
|
---|