source: src/main/java/agents/OptimalBidder.java

/** 
 *      OptimalBidder: using the optimal stopping rule (cutoffs) for bidding
 *  @author rafik               
 **/

package agents;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.TreeMap;

import genius.core.Agent;
import genius.core.Bid;
import genius.core.actions.Action;
import genius.core.actions.Offer;
import genius.core.issue.Issue;
import genius.core.issue.Value;
import genius.core.timeline.DiscreteTimeline;

/**
 * framework for optimal bidder. This agent never accepts. Tim commented:
 * OptimalBidder beslist alleen over de concessies, maar kan natuurlijk goed
 * worden gecombineerd met acceptatiecomponenten (optimal stopping bv) en
 * leercomponenten (simple frequency learning bv). Het leren is belangrijk,
 * omdat de OptimalBidder alleen een utility target oplevert. Samen met een
 * leercomponent kan daar een goed Pareto-optimaal bod bij worden gevonden, maar
 * dit ligt aan de toepassing.
 *
 */
public abstract class OptimalBidder extends Agent {
        protected double rv = -1.0;
        protected static int partitions;
        protected static int ownTotalRounds;
        protected static HashMap<Integer, Value> values;
        private static ArrayList<Double> bids;
        protected static Issue pie;
        private Action actionOfPartner = null;

        /**
         * computation of the bid for round j. FIXME this is not a bid. Maybe it's a
         * target utility of the bid to place?
         * 
         * @param round
         *            the number of rounds left
         * @return utility for a bid to be placed when given number of rounds are
         *         left.
         **/
        public abstract double bid(int j);

        /**
         * Implementors should fill the values list when this is called.
         * 
         * @throws Exception
         **/
        public abstract void getValues() throws Exception;

        /**
         * Init is called when a next session starts with the same opponent.
         **/
        @Override
        public void init() {
                try {
                        ownTotalRounds = (getTotalRounds() - 1) / 2;
                        pie = utilitySpace.getDomain().getIssues().get(0); // unique issue

                        print("=====================================================================");
                        print("   ownTotalRounds  = " + ownTotalRounds);
                        print("   issue name      = " + pie);
                        print("   issue type      = " + pie.getType());

                        getValues(); // setting all the values

                        rv = utilitySpace.getReservationValue();

                        print("   Reservation value = " + rv);

                        bids = new ArrayList<Double>(ownTotalRounds);

                        for (int i = 0; i < ownTotalRounds; i++)
                                bids.add(bid(i + 1));

                        print("   Bids : ");

                        for (int i = 0; i < ownTotalRounds; i++)
                                print("\tB[" + i + "] = " + bids.get(i));

                        print("\n=====================================================================");
                } catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                }
        }

        @Override
        public String getVersion() {
                return "2.0 (Genius 4.2)";
        }

        @Override
        public String getName() {
                return "OptimalBidder";
        }

        @Override
        public void ReceiveMessage(Action opponentAction) {
                actionOfPartner = opponentAction;
        }

        @Override
        public Action chooseAction() {
                Action action = null;
                try {
                        if (actionOfPartner == null) {
                                action = chooseOptimalBidAction();
                        }
                        if (actionOfPartner instanceof Offer) {
                                action = chooseOptimalBidAction();
                        }
                } catch (Exception e) {
                        print("Exception in ChooseAction:" + e.getMessage());
                }
                return action;
        }

        /**
         * Wrapper for getOptimalBid, for convenience
         * 
         * @return new Bid()
         **/
        private Action chooseOptimalBidAction() {
                Bid nextBid = null;
                try {
                        nextBid = getOptimalBid();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                        print("Problem with received bid: <" + e.getMessage()
                                        + ">. Cancelling bidding");
                        System.out.println("\t\t\t\tErrrrr!   => " + nextBid);
                        throw new IllegalStateException("internal failure", e);
                }

                return (new Offer(getAgentID(), nextBid));
        }

        public int getRound() {
                return ((DiscreteTimeline) timeline).getRound();
        }

        public int getRoundsLeft() {
                return ((DiscreteTimeline) timeline).getRoundsLeft();
        }

        public int getOwnRoundsLeft() {
                return ((DiscreteTimeline) timeline).getOwnRoundsLeft();
        }

        public int getTotalRounds() {
                return ((DiscreteTimeline) timeline).getTotalRounds();
        }

        public double getTotalTime() {
                return ((DiscreteTimeline) timeline).getTotalTime();
        }

        // trace
        void print(String s) {
                System.out.println("############  " + s);
        }

        /**
         * 
         *
         */
        private Bid getOptimalBid() throws Exception {
                print("############   B's  ####################################");
                print(" Round         = " + getRound());
                print(" RoundsLeft    = " + getRoundsLeft());
                print(" OwnRoundsLeft = " + getOwnRoundsLeft());
                print(" TotalRounds   = " + getTotalRounds());
                print(" TotalTime     = " + getTotalTime());

                double min = 1.0;
                int roundsleft = 0;
                Value optValue = null;

                print(" bids.size = " + bids.size());
                print(" getOwnRoundsLeft = " + getOwnRoundsLeft());

                TreeMap<Integer, Value> T = new TreeMap<Integer, Value>(values);

                print(" T.size = " + T.size());

                for (Integer key : T.keySet()) {
                        roundsleft = getOwnRoundsLeft();

                        Double targetBid = bids.get(roundsleft);
                        double piePartition = (double) key / partitions;

                        if (Math.abs(targetBid - piePartition) < min) {
                                min = Math.abs(targetBid - piePartition);
                                optValue = values.get(key);
                        }
                }

                HashMap<Integer, Value> optVals = new HashMap<Integer, Value>();
                optVals.put(pie.getNumber(), optValue);
                Bid ToBid = new Bid(utilitySpace.getDomain(), optVals);

                print(" ToBid = " + ToBid);

                return ToBid; // optimal bid

        }

        @Override
        public String getDescription() {
                return "using the optimal stopping rule (cutoffs) for bidding";
        }

}