source: src/main/java/agents/ABMPAgent.java@ 345

Last change on this file since 345 was 127, checked in by Wouter Pasman, 6 years ago

#41 ROLL BACK of rev.126 . So this version is equal to rev. 125

File size: 11.9 KB
RevLine 
[127]1/*
2 * SimpleAgent.java
3 *
4 * Created on November 6, 2006, 9:55 AM
5 *
6 */
7
8package agents;
9
10import java.util.HashMap;
11import java.util.List;
12
13import genius.core.Agent;
14import genius.core.Bid;
15import genius.core.SupportedNegotiationSetting;
16import genius.core.actions.Accept;
17import genius.core.actions.Action;
18import genius.core.actions.EndNegotiation;
19import genius.core.actions.Offer;
20import genius.core.issue.ISSUETYPE;
21import genius.core.issue.Issue;
22import genius.core.issue.IssueDiscrete;
23import genius.core.issue.Objective;
24import genius.core.issue.Value;
25import genius.core.issue.ValueDiscrete;
26import genius.core.issue.ValueReal;
27import genius.core.utility.AdditiveUtilitySpace;
28import genius.core.utility.EvaluatorDiscrete;
29import genius.core.utility.EvaluatorReal;
30
31/**
32 *
33 * @author Dmytro Tykhonov & Koen Hindriks
34 */
35
36public class ABMPAgent extends Agent {
37 private Action messageOpponent;
38 // private int nrOfIssues;
39 private Bid myLastBid = null;
40 private Action myLastAction = null;
41
42 // private double[] fIssueWeight;
43 private enum ACTIONTYPE {
44 START, OFFER, ACCEPT, BREAKOFF
45 };
46
47 // Paraters used in ABMP strategy
48 // TODO: Include these parameters as agent parameters in agent's utility
49 // template.
50 // QUESTION: How to do that nicely, since these parameters are strategy
51 // specific?
52 private static final double NEGOTIATIONSPEED = 0.1; // TODO: Probably still
53 // somewhere a bug. When
54 // you set this too low
55 // (e.g. 0.05), no deal
56 // is reached and no
57 // concession is done!
58 private static final double CONCESSIONFACTOR = 1;
59 private static final double CONFTOLERANCE = 0;
60 private static final double UTIlITYGAPSIZE = 0.02; // Accept when utility
61 // gap is <=
62 // UTILITYGAPSIZE.
63
64 // CHECK: Utility gap size needed since concession steps get VERY small when
65 // opponent's last bid utility is
66 // close to own last bid utility.
67
68 // Code is independent from AMPO vs CITY case, but some specifics about
69 // using this case as test are specified below.
70 // ****************************************************************************************************
71 // AMPO VS CITY: Outcome space has size of about 7 milion.
72 // ****************************************************************************************************
73 // ********************************************************
74 // *******************************************
75 // CHECK: ABMP gets stuck on the Car Example with a negotiation speed of
76 // less than 0.05!!
77 // ABMP "gets stuck" on AMPO vs CITY. The search through the space is not
78 // effective in discrete outcome
79 // spaces. Even with very high negotiation speed parameters (near 1) no bid
80 // can be found with the target utility
81 // at a certain point. In a discrete space, the evaluation distance between
82 // two different values on an
83 // issue need to be taken into account, which may differ from value to
84 // value... In such spaces one strategy
85 // would be to consider which combination of concessions on a set of issues
86 // would provide
87 // ********************************************************
88 // *******************************************
89
90 /** Creates a new instance of MyAgent */
91
92 public ABMPAgent() {
93 super();
94 }
95
96 public void init() {
97 messageOpponent = null;
98 myLastBid = null;
99 myLastAction = null;
100
101 }
102
103 public void ReceiveMessage(Action opponentAction) {
104 messageOpponent = opponentAction;
105 }
106
107 private Action proposeInitialBid() {
108 Bid lBid = null;
109
110 // Return (one of the) possible bid(s) with maximal utility.
111 try {
112 lBid = utilitySpace.getMaxUtilityBid();
113 } catch (Exception e) {
114 e.printStackTrace();
115 }
116 myLastBid = lBid;
117 return new Offer(getAgentID(), lBid);
118 }
119
120 private Action proposeNextBid(Bid lOppntBid) throws Exception {
121 Bid lBid = null;
122 double lMyUtility, lOppntUtility, lTargetUtility;
123 // Both parties have made an initial bid. Compute associated utilities
124 // from my point of view.
125 lMyUtility = utilitySpace.getUtility(myLastBid);
126 lOppntUtility = utilitySpace.getUtility(lOppntBid);
127 lTargetUtility = getTargetUtility(lMyUtility, lOppntUtility);
128 lBid = getBidABMPsimple(lTargetUtility);
129 myLastBid = lBid;
130 return new Offer(getAgentID(), lBid);
131 }
132
133 public Action chooseAction() {
134 Action lAction = null;
135 ACTIONTYPE lActionType;
136 Bid lOppntBid = null;
137
138 lActionType = getActionType(messageOpponent);
139 switch (lActionType) {
140 case OFFER: // Offer received from opponent
141 lOppntBid = ((Offer) messageOpponent).getBid();
142 if (myLastAction == null)
143 // Other agent started, lets propose my initial bid.
144 lAction = proposeInitialBid();
145 else {
146 try {
147 if (utilitySpace.getUtility(lOppntBid) >= (utilitySpace
148 .getUtility(myLastBid)) - UTIlITYGAPSIZE)
149 // Opponent bids equally, or outbids my previous bid, so
150 // lets accept.
151 lAction = new Accept(getAgentID(), lOppntBid);
152 else
153 // Propose counteroffer. Get next bid.
154 try {
155 lAction = proposeNextBid(lOppntBid);
156 } catch (Exception e) {
157 e.printStackTrace();
158 }
159 } catch (Exception e) {
160 e.printStackTrace();
161 }
162 }
163 break;
164 case ACCEPT: // Presumably, opponent accepted last bid, but let's
165 // check...
166 case BREAKOFF:
167 // nothing left to do. Negotiation ended, which should be checked by
168 // Negotiator...
169 break;
170 default:
171 // I am starting, but not sure whether Negotiator checks this, so
172 // lets check also myLastAction...
173 if (myLastAction == null)
174 lAction = proposeInitialBid();
175 else
176 // simply repeat last action
177 lAction = myLastAction;
178 break;
179 }
180
181 myLastAction = lAction;
182 return lAction;
183 }
184
185 private ACTIONTYPE getActionType(Action lAction) {
186 ACTIONTYPE lActionType = ACTIONTYPE.START;
187
188 if (lAction instanceof Offer)
189 lActionType = ACTIONTYPE.OFFER;
190 else if (lAction instanceof Accept)
191 lActionType = ACTIONTYPE.ACCEPT;
192 else if (lAction instanceof EndNegotiation)
193 lActionType = ACTIONTYPE.BREAKOFF;
194 return lActionType;
195 }
196
197 // ABMP Specific Code
198
199 private Bid getBidABMPsimple(double targetUtility) throws Exception {
200 // Value[] lIssueIndex = new Value[nrOfIssues];
201 HashMap<Integer, Value> lIssueIndex = new HashMap<Integer, Value>();
202 List<Issue> issues = utilitySpace.getDomain().getIssues();
203 double[] lIssueAlpha = new double[issues.size()];
204 double[] lBE = new double[issues.size()];
205 double[] lBTE = new double[issues.size()];
206 double[] lTE = new double[issues.size()];
207 double lUtility = 0, lNF = 0, lAlpha, lUtilityGap, lTotalConcession = 0;
208
209 // ASSUMPTION: Method computes a second bid. Method proposeInitialBid is
210 // used to compute first bid.
211 lUtilityGap = targetUtility - utilitySpace.getUtility(myLastBid);
212 for (int i = 0; i < issues.size(); i++) {
213 lBE[i] = (Double) (((AdditiveUtilitySpace) utilitySpace)
214 .getEvaluator(issues.get(i).getNumber()).getEvaluation(
215 ((AdditiveUtilitySpace) utilitySpace), myLastBid, issues
216 .get(i).getNumber()));
217 }
218
219 // STEP 1: Retrieve issue value for last bid and compute concession on
220 // each issue.
221 int i = 0;
222 for (Issue lIssue : issues) {
223 lAlpha = (1 - ((AdditiveUtilitySpace) utilitySpace)
224 .getWeight(lIssue.getNumber())) * lBE[i]; // CHECK:
225 // (1
226 // -
227 // lBE[i]);
228 // This
229 // factor
230 // is
231 // not
232 // right??
233 lNF = lNF
234 + ((AdditiveUtilitySpace) utilitySpace).getWeight(lIssue
235 .getNumber()) * lAlpha;
236 lIssueAlpha[i] = lAlpha;
237 i++;
238 }
239
240 // Compute basic target evaluations per issue
241 for (i = 0; i < issues.size(); i++) {
242 lBTE[i] = lBE[i] + (lIssueAlpha[i] / lNF) * lUtilityGap;
243 }
244
245 // STEP 2: Add configuration tolerance for opponent's bid
246 for (i = 0; i < issues.size(); i++) {
247 lUtility = (Double) (((AdditiveUtilitySpace) utilitySpace)
248 .getEvaluator(issues.get(i).getNumber()).getEvaluation(
249 ((AdditiveUtilitySpace) utilitySpace),
250 ((Offer) messageOpponent).getBid(), issues.get(i)
251 .getNumber()));
252 lTE[i] = (1 - CONFTOLERANCE) * lBTE[i] + CONFTOLERANCE * lUtility;
253 }
254
255 // STEP 3: Find bid in outcome space with issue target utilities
256 // corresponding with those computed above.
257 // ASSUMPTION: There is always a UNIQUE issue value with utility closest
258 // to the target evaluation.
259 // First determine new values for discrete-valued issues.
260 double lEvalValue;
261 int lNrOfRealIssues = 0;
262 for (i = 0; i < issues.size(); i++) {
263 lUtility = 1; // ASSUMPTION: Max utility = 1.
264 Objective lIssue = issues.get(i);
265 if (lIssue.getType() == ISSUETYPE.DISCRETE) {
266 IssueDiscrete lIssueDiscrete = (IssueDiscrete) lIssue;
267 for (int j = 0; j < lIssueDiscrete.getNumberOfValues(); j++) {
268 lEvalValue = ((EvaluatorDiscrete) ((AdditiveUtilitySpace) utilitySpace)
269 .getEvaluator(lIssue.getNumber()))
270 .getEvaluation(lIssueDiscrete.getValue(j));
271 if (Math.abs(lTE[i] - lEvalValue) < lUtility) {
272 // lIssueIndex[i] = lIssueDiscrete.getValue(j);
273 lIssueIndex.put(new Integer(lIssue.getNumber()),
274 lIssueDiscrete.getValue(j));
275 lUtility = Math.abs(lTE[i] - lEvalValue);
276 }// if
277 }// for
278
279 lTotalConcession += ((AdditiveUtilitySpace) utilitySpace)
280 .getWeight(lIssue.getNumber())
281 * (lBE[i] - ((EvaluatorDiscrete) ((AdditiveUtilitySpace) utilitySpace)
282 .getEvaluator(lIssue.getNumber()))
283 .getEvaluation((ValueDiscrete) (lIssueIndex
284 .get(lIssue.getNumber()))));
285 } else if (lIssue.getType() == ISSUETYPE.REAL)
286 lNrOfRealIssues += 1;
287 }
288
289 // TODO: Still need to integrate integer-valued issues somewhere here.
290 // Low priority.
291
292 // STEP 4: RECOMPUTE size of remaining concession step
293 // Reason: Issue value may not provide exact match with basic target
294 // evaluation value.
295 // NOTE: This recomputation also includes any concession due to
296 // configuration tolerance parameter...
297 // First compute difference between actual concession on issue and
298 // target evaluation.
299 // TODO: Think about how to (re)distribute remaining concession over
300 // MULTIPLE real issues. In car example
301 // not important. Low priority.
302 double lRestUtitility = lUtilityGap + lTotalConcession;
303 // Distribute remaining utility of real issues. Integers still to be
304 // done. See above.
305 for (i = 0; i < issues.size(); i++) {
306 Objective lIssue = issues.get(i);
307 if (lIssue.getType() == ISSUETYPE.REAL) {
308 lTE[i] += lRestUtitility / lNrOfRealIssues;
309 EvaluatorReal lRealEvaluator = (EvaluatorReal) (((AdditiveUtilitySpace) utilitySpace)
310 .getEvaluator(lIssue.getNumber()));
311 double r = lRealEvaluator.getValueByEvaluation(lTE[i]);
312 // lIssueIndex[i] = new ValueReal(r);
313 lIssueIndex.put(new Integer(lIssue.getNumber()), new ValueReal(
314 r));
315 }
316 }
317
318 return new Bid(utilitySpace.getDomain(), lIssueIndex);
319 }
320
321 private double getTargetUtility(double myUtility, double oppntUtility) {
322 return myUtility + getConcessionStep(myUtility, oppntUtility);
323 }
324
325 private double getNegotiationSpeed() {
326 return NEGOTIATIONSPEED;
327 }
328
329 private double getConcessionFactor() {
330 // The more the agent is willing to concess on its aspiration value, the
331 // higher this factor.
332 return CONCESSIONFACTOR;
333 }
334
335 private double getConcessionStep(double myUtility, double oppntUtility) {
336 double lConcessionStep = 0, lMinUtility = 0, lUtilityGap = 0;
337
338 // Compute concession step
339 lMinUtility = 1 - getConcessionFactor();
340 lUtilityGap = (oppntUtility - myUtility);
341 lConcessionStep = getNegotiationSpeed() * (1 - lMinUtility / myUtility)
342 * lUtilityGap;
343 System.out.println(lConcessionStep);
344 return lConcessionStep;
345 }
346
347 @Override
348 public SupportedNegotiationSetting getSupportedNegotiationSetting() {
349 return SupportedNegotiationSetting.getLinearUtilitySpaceInstance();
350 }
351}
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